Chinese medicinal composition for preventing or treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases or dementia, and preparation method and use thereof

ABSTRACT

Disclosed are a Chinese medicinal composition for preventing or treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and/or dementia, and a preparation method and use thereof. The composition is prepared from the following medical raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of  ginseng , 0.8-1.5 parts of ginkgo leaf and 0.018-0.030 part of stigma croci.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a Chinese medicinal composition forpreventing or treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases ordementia, and it also discloses the preparation method and use of theChinese medicinal composition.

TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are the main diseases thatthreaten people's health and life, and those diseases are characterizedin that they have a high morbidity rate, a high mortality rate, a highdisability rate and a high recurrence rate. According to the statisticaldata of recent years, deaths caused by cardiovascular andcerebrovascular disease each year in China accounts for about half ofdeaths. The popularity of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease isclosely related to the development of the society and the improvement ofthe living standards, heavy pressure, irrational diet structure, lack ofexercises, excessive tobacco and alcohol consumption, obesity are allcauses of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Cardiovascularand cerebrovascular diseases include coronary heart disease, angina,myocardial infarction, blood addicted pulmonary heart disease, ischemicencephalopathy, cerebral thrombosis, hypertension, hyperlipidemia andthe major reasons to induce these diseases are atherosclerosis, resultin vessel stenosis, duct obstruction, thus resulting in insufficientblood supply to the heart and brain, causing heavy head, dizziness,headache, chest tightness and other symptoms, severe cases can lead tostroke and myocardial infarction, cardiovascular ischemia influenceenergy metabolism, following many changes such as accumulation of lacticacid, calcium overload, free radical injuries. Therefore cardiovascularand cerebrovascular diseases cause serious harm to human health, theearly prevention and timely treatment of them has an extremely vitalsignificance.

Dementia is an acquired, sustained intellectual impairment syndrome dueto organic brain disorders. Dementia occurs in the elderly is dividedinto: A. Primary degenerative dementia, namely Alzheimer's disease (ADfor short); B. Vascular Dementia (VaD); C. Mixed dementia (AD combinedVaD); D. Other dementia (Pick's disease, Lewy inclusions dementia). ADand VaD are the two main types of Dementia.

Vascular dementia is related to one or repeated strokes and high bloodpressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, alcohol consumption andso on, it is manifested as memory, calculation, orientation and judgmentdisorders, affective disorders and abnormal behavior, even loss ofviability when reach to an advanced stage.

Studies suggest that whether cerebral infarction can cause dementia ismainly related to the size, number and location of cerebral infarctlesion. Investigations showed that infarct lesion with the volume ofgreater than 50 mL can be combined with dementia, with the volumegreater than 100 mL are often combined with dementia; investigationsalso found that, among VaD patients, large area of infarct lesionsaccount for 11.2%, small area of infarct lesions account for 88.8%,multiple lesions accounted for 97.6%, it is mentioned that even when thevolume of the lesions are small, dementia can also occur, especially themore the number of infarct lesion, the higher the incidence of dementia.There are also studies suggest that the cerebral infarction site is thekey factor leading to dementia; the majority of reports mentioned thatthe ones with periventricular white matter lesions change found by CT,have significantly increased incidence of dementia. Pavics studiedcerebral blood flow changes in patients, and found that for patientswith vascular dementia, the average hemispheric blood flow wassignificantly lower, the perfusion in the infarct area is significantlylower than that of normal tissues, completely non-perfusion areas arerare; studies that compare cognitive scale with cerebral blood flowfound that the average hemispheric blood flow was positively correlatedto the degree of dementia, suggesting that decrease of VaD blood flow isclosely related to intelligence activities. Studies of recent years havenoticed that the cerebral blood flow and glucose metabolic rate of someparts, such as the frontal lobe, temporal lobe, especially the thalamus,basal ganglia of VaD patients decreased significantly compared with thatof other parts, revealing that VaD might be related to the break of theconnections between the cortex and the subcortical structures, i.e. theincomplete connection between the brain nerve function; cerebralvascular resistance, blood viscosity and neurohumoral factors may have adirect or indirect impact on maintaining the cerebral blood flowconstant.

Studies have shown that cerebral ischemic injury is a cascade process,and in each sector, different molecular network that cause degenerationdamage to neuron is induced; after the occurrence of cerebralinfarction, cerebral blood flow interruption and reperfusion happened,cause energy depletion of brain tissue, the increase of neurotransmitterespecially excitatory amino acid cause a further decline of blood flow,and flow or release of calcium ions from intracellular calcium stores,cause large amounts of enzymes triggered signal cascades, certainenzymes lead to the generation of oxygen radicals, which themselves alsoplay the role of a second messenger, damage cell proteins, sugars, fattyacids, further cause pen-infarct depolarization, allow the infarctregion to expand to penumbra region; free radicals and other messengeractivate inflammatory cytokines and enzymes, result in the activation ofmicroglia cells to produce inflammation, thus increase the vascularpermeability, damage the neuronal skeleton, while secondary injuryresults in dementia. Studies have shown that after ischemic condition,neurotransmitters increase first and then decrease, neurotransmitterssuch as acetylcholine, catecholamine, neuropeptide are closely relatedto the decline of cognitive ability. They participate in thepathophysiological process of VaD, and may become an important indicatorto reflect the severity of VaD.

In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine has shown uniqueadvantages in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovasculardiseases, senile dementia, especially vascular dementia, traditionalChinese medicine is effective, lasting, has fewer adverse reactions, areparticularly satisfactory in long-term efficacy thus are widely used forthe clinic. A lot of researches and clinical practices have proved thattraditional Chinese medicine has shown unique advantages as it has agood tolerance and has little side effects, thus it is suitable forlong-term use for patients.

Ginseng is warm in nature and has a sweet and slightly bitter flavor,and a function of nourishing the heart and kidney, is good for qi andincrease intelligence; Ginkgo leaf is neutral in nature and has a bitterand astringent flavor, and has a function of promoting blood circulationto remove blood stasis. Stigma croci is neutral in nature, and has asweet flavor, and has a function of promoting blood circulation toremove blood stasis, dissipating blood stasis and knots. Modernpharmacological studies have confirmed that ginseng contains a varietyof saponins which can significant improve the cerebral ischemiareperfusion injury and memory impairment in learning of manyexperimental animals, they can improve the ability of learning andmemory in normal animals, and have effects of increasing the uptake ofneurotransmitter of synaptosomes and enhancing the nerve growth factor;Ginkgo leaf extract can inhibit the peroxidation of cell membrane lipid,and can dilate blood vessels, increase blood flow, reduce bloodviscosity, inhibit thrombosis and has an effect of anti-plateletaggregation, improving cerebral metabolism, protecting the nervouscells; stigma croci has effects of inhibiting the influx ofextracellular calcium and the release of calcium from endoplasmicreticulum, anti-oxidation, anti-hypertension, atherosclerosis, cerebraledema etc., it can also improve the partial pressure of the oxygen inthe blood flow of mammals, in recent years, it has also been found thatit has the anti-alcohol induced impairment of memory and learningeffect.

Patent ZL02131435.7 discloses a Chinese medicinal composition containinga therapeutically effective amount of a ginseng, ginkgo leaf and stigmacroci for the treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular disease and vasculardementia, senile dementia diseases and so on. Based on the above patent,the patent applicant developed the “Sailuotong Capsule” (its originaltrade name is “Weinaokang”), currently it is in clinical trials.

Patent WO2007118363A1 discloses a similar Chinese medicinal compositionfor the treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular disease and seniledementia, and it is made of ginseng, ginkgo leaf, stigma croci andsoybean.

When studying the above-mentioned patents systematically, the inventorhas found that better results can be achieved when using specificcomposition of components and content ratio.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The inventors have conducted a systematic experimental study for theeffects of the components of the compositions mentioned in the patentZL02131435.7 and WO2007118363A1 for preventing or treatingcardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and dementia and found thatthe effect of soybean in the composition is not obvious. Through theoptimization study of the prescription, the inventors have found that apharmacological effect that is better than that of the composition ofWO2007118363A1 can be achieved by only using the three ingredients ofChinese medicine: ginseng, ginkgo leaf and stigma croci.

In addition, the inventors have also found that a composition that ismade with specific weight ratio of ginseng, ginkgo leaf and stigma crocihave better effects of treating or preventing cardiovascular andcerebrovascular diseases and dementia, especially in the treatment ofischemic cerebrovascular disease, coronary heart disease, angina, andsenile dementia, particularly it has a better effect on the treatment ofvascular dementia diseases. According to the study, the doses of thecomposition made of ginseng, ginkgo leaf and stigma croci in themedicine can be further reduced, the energy can thus be saved and thecost can be reduced, and the side effects generated by long-termconsumption of the composition can be further reduced.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a Chinesemedicinal composition for the prevention or treatment of cardiovasculardisease or dementia with a better effect and the preparation method anduse thereof.

The object of the present invention is achieved by the followingtechnical solutions:

A Chinese medicinal composition for preventing or treatingcardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease or dementia, the raw materialthat makes the Chinese medicinal composition is the medicine with thefollowing weight ratio of ingredients:

1 part of ginseng, 0.8-1.5 parts of ginkgo leaf, 0.018-0.030 part ofstigma croci.

Preferably, the raw material that makes the Chinese medicinalcomposition is the medicine with the following weight ratio ofingredients:

1 part of ginseng, 1 part of ginkgo leaf, 0.018-0.030 part of stigmacroci.

More preferably, the raw material that makes the Chinese medicinalcomposition is the medicine with the following weight ratio ofingredients:

1 part of ginseng, 0.9-1.2 parts of ginkgo leaf, 0.020-0.025 part ofstigma croci.

Still more preferably, the raw material that makes the Chinese medicinalcomposition is the medicine with the following weight ratio ofingredients:

1 part of ginseng, 1 part of ginkgo leaf, 0.020-0.025 part of stigmacroci.

Most preferably, the raw material that makes the Chinese medicinalcomposition is the medicine with the following weight ratio ofingredients:

1 part of ginseng, 1 part of ginkgo leaf, 0.022 part of stigma croci.

The present invention also provides a method for preparing the aboveChinese medicinal composition.

The Chinese medicinal composition of the present invention can beprepared by a variety of methods.

In one embodiment of the present invention, weighing the three Chinesemedicines: ginseng, ginkgo leaf and stigma croci according to the aboveratio, mixing then grinding or grinding then mixing to obtain thecomposition.

In another embodiment of the present invention, weighing the threeChinese medicines: ginseng, ginkgo leaf and stigma croci according tothe above ratio, mixing then extracting to prepare the composition.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparationmethod of the Chinese medicinal composition comprises the followingsteps: the step of weighing the three Chinese medicines: ginseng, ginkgoleaf and stigma croci according to the above ratio, the step ofpreparing ginseng extract, the step of preparing ginkgo leaf extract,the step of preparing stigma croci extract, the step of mixing the aboveginseng extract, the ginkgo leaf extract and the stigma croci extract.

Preferably, in the step of the preparing ginseng extract, the maincomponent obtained is total ginsenosides; in the step of preparingGinkgo leaf extract, the main component obtained is Ginkgo leaf totalflavonoids and total lactones; in the step of preparing stigma crociextract, the main component obtained is stigma croci total glycosides.

Extracts of the three above-mentioned components can be prepared byconventional extraction methods for extracting the above components, thepreparation method of the components by extraction is mature, such asthe total ginsenosides, the Ginkgo leaf total flavonoids and totallactones can be prepared by extraction methods recorded in thepharmacopeia, the extraction method of the stigma croci total glycosidescan adopt the extraction method recorded in the literature “Chinesemodern applied Pharmacy” (August 2011, Vol. 28 No. 8, page 729-731).

In one embodiment of the present invention, the method for preparing theginseng extract is as follows: the ginseng is grinded into powders, thenit is subjected to reflux extraction with ethanol for 2 times, it isfiltered, the filtrate is decompressed to recover the solvent until therelative density is 1.12-1.14 at 70° C., water with the amount thatequals to 2-6 times of that of crude drug is added for stirringhomogeneously, then it is cooled for precipitation, the supernatant isloaded onto a macroporous adsorptive resin, the resin that carries drugis washed with distilled water first, then is eluted with ethanol, theethanol eluent is collected and concentrated until dry to obtain theginseng extract.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the method for preparing theGinkgo leaf extract is as follows: warm ethanol is added to Ginkgo leafcoarse powder for immersion, the powder is filtered and the filterresidue is immersed with warm ethanol, then is filtered, the filtrate ofthe two times of immersion are combined, concentrated under reducedpressure until the relative density is 1.12-1.14 at 70° C., water withthe amount that equals to 2-6 times of that of crude drug is added, itis stirred homogeneously, then it is cooled for precipitation, filtered,the filtrate is loaded onto a macroporous adsorptive resin, the resinthat carries drug is washed with distilled water first, then is elutedwith ethanol, the ethanol eluent is collected and concentrated until therelative density is 1.02-1.04 at 70° C., it is extracted by ethylacetate:n-butyl alcohol, the extracts are combined and are decompressedto recover solvent to obtain Ginkgo leaf extract.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the method for preparing thestigma croci extract is as follows: cold ethanol is added into stigmacroci crude drug for immersion, then it is filtered, cold ethanol isadded to the residues for immersion, then it is filtered, the filtrateof the two times of immersion are combined, concentrated under reducedpressure until the relative density is 1.12-1.14 at 70° C., water isadded, then it is loaded onto a macroporous adsorptive resin, the resinthat carries drug is washed with distilled water first, then is elutedwith ethanol, the ethanol eluent is concentrated until the relativedensity is 1.02-1.04 at 70° C., it is concentrated until dry to obtainstigma croci extract.

The present invention also provides a Chinese medicinal formulation forpreventing or treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseasesand/or dementia which is composed of the above Chinese medicinalcomposition and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

The formulation may be a solid formulation or a semi-solid formulation,liquid formulation or gaseous formulation.

The solid or semi-solid formulation is selected from one of thefollowing formulations: tablets, pills, ointments, sublimedpreparations, pulvis, granules, suppositories, powders, emulsions,chewables, capsules.

The liquid formulation is selected from one of the followingformulations: oral liquid, suspensions, syrups, injections, medicinalliquor and tinctures.

The gaseous preparation is aerosol or inhalation.

The present invention also provides use of a Chinese medicinalcomposition or formulation in the prevention or treatment ofcardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and/or dementia.

Preferably, the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease is selectedfrom at least one of the following diseases: ischemic cerebrovasculardisease, coronary heart disease or angina.

Preferably, the dementia is selected from senile dementia, especiallyvascular dementia.

Compared with the prior art, the Chinese medicinal composition of thepresent invention has the following technical effects:

(1) The Chinese medicinal compositions and formulations of the presentinvention are more effective in the prevention or treatment of thecardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease or dementia.(2) The amount of the Chinese medicinal composition of the presentinvention in a medicine is lower, and thus save costs and energy.(3) The side effects of the Chinese medicinal composition of the presentinvention is small, and the composition has good safety performance,thus can be used for long-term, and has a good prospect for used inmedicine

EMBODIMENTS

The present invention will be further illustrated with the combinationof the following examples, comparative examples and related testexamples, however, these examples and test examples shall only be usedto illustrate the present invention but not limit the extent of thepresent invention. In the following examples and test examples, theexperiment methods without specific experiment conditions are carriedout in accordance with conventional conditions, or in accordance withthe conditions that are recommended by the manufacturers.

Part 1: Preparation of the Chinese Medicinal Composition and Formulationof the Present Invention Example 1

ginseng 1 part ginkgo leaf 0.8 part stigma croci. 0.018 part

Ginseng extract, ginkgo leaf extract, stigma croci extract were obtainedrespectively according to the methods disclosed in example 1 of PatentZL02131435.7, the three extracts were mixed and were further prepared togranules, capsules and injections according to conventional methods.

Example 2

ginseng 1 part ginkgo leaf 1.5 parts stigma croci. 0.030 part

The mixture of the extracts and the preparation were prepared accordingto the methods of the example 1 of the present invention.

Example 3

ginseng 1 part ginkgo leaf 1 part stigma croci. 0.018 part

The mixture of the extracts and the preparation were prepared accordingto the methods of the example 1 of the present invention.

Example 4

ginseng 1 part ginkgo leaf 1 part stigma croci. 0.030 part

The mixture of the extracts and the preparation were prepared accordingto the methods of the example 1 of the present invention.

Example 5

ginseng 1 part ginkgo leaf 0.9 part stigma croci. 0.020 part

The mixture of the extracts and the preparation were prepared accordingto the methods of the example 1 of the present invention.

Example 6

ginseng 1 part ginkgo leaf 1.2 parts stigma croci. 0.025 part

The mixture of the extracts and the preparation were prepared accordingto the methods of the example 1 of the present invention.

Example 7

ginseng 1 part ginkgo leaf 1 part stigma croci. 0.20 part

The mixture of the extracts and the preparation were prepared accordingto the methods of the example 1 of the present invention.

Example 8

ginseng 1 part ginkgo leaf 1 part stigma croci. 0.025 part

The mixture of the extracts and the preparation were prepared accordingto the methods of the example 1 of the present invention.

Example 9

ginseng 1 part ginkgo leaf 1 part stigma croci. 0.022 part

Ginseng extract and ginkgo leaf extract were extracted according to themethods recorded in Chinese pharmacopoeia (2010 edition, part one), page367-368 and page 392-393 respectively, stigma croci extract wasextracted according to the method recorded in the literature “ChineseModern Applied Pharmacy” (August 2011 Vol. 28 the eighth, pages729-731), the three extracts were mixed and were further prepared togranules, capsules and injections according to conventional methods.

Example 10

ginseng 1 part ginkgo leaf 0.8 part stigma croci. 0.030 part

The mixture of the extracts and the preparation were prepared accordingto the methods of the example 9 of the present invention.

Example 11

ginseng 1 part ginkgo leaf 1.5 parts stigma croci. 0.018 part

The mixture of the extracts and the preparation were prepared accordingto the methods of the example 9 of the present invention.

Example 12

ginseng 1 part ginkgo leaf 0.9 part stigma croci. 0.025 part

The mixture of the extracts and the preparation were prepared accordingto the methods of the example 9 of the present invention.

Example 13

ginseng 1 part ginkgo leaf 1.2 parts stigma croci. 0.02 part

The mixture of the extracts and the preparation were prepared accordingto the methods of the example 9 of the present invention.

Part 2: Preparation of the Chinese Medicinal Composition and Formulationof the Comparative Examples Comparative Example 1

ginseng 1 part ginkgo leaf 1 part stigma croci. 0.1 part

The mixture of the extracts and the preparation were prepared accordingto the methods of the example 1 of the present invention.

Comparative Example 2

ginseng 1 part ginkgo leaf 1 part stigma croci. 0.015 part

The mixture of the extracts and the preparation were prepared accordingto the methods of the example 1 of the present invention.

Comparative Example 3

ginseng 1 part ginkgo leaf 1.5 parts stigma croci. 0.4 part

The mixture of the extracts and the preparation were prepared accordingto the methods of the example 1 of the present invention.

Comparative Example 4

ginseng 1 part ginkgo leaf 1.9 parts stigma croci. 0.05 part

The mixture of the extracts and the preparation were prepared accordingto the methods of the example 9 of the present invention.

Comparative Example 5

The extract mixture and the corresponding formulation were preparedaccording to the composition and the preparation method of example 1 ofthe Patent ZL02131435.7.

Comparative Example 6

The extract mixture and the corresponding formulation were preparedaccording to the composition and the preparation method of example 2 ofthe Patent ZL02131435.7.

Comparative Example 7

The extract mixture and the corresponding capsules were preparedaccording to the prescription of the composition and the preparationmethod of example 1 of the Patent WO2007/118363.

Comparative Example 8

The extract mixture and the corresponding capsules were preparedaccording to the prescription of the composition of example 2 of thePatent WO2007/118363 and the preparation method of example 1 of thePatent WO2007/118363.

Part 3 Pharmacodynamic Experiments Test Example 1 Protection to theIschemic Myocardium of the Experimental Rats Experimental Materials

Healthy male Wastar rats, weight 180˜220 g, clean grade, provided byVital River Animal Experiment Center.

Chinese medicinal composition of the present invention and Chinesemedicinal composition of comparative examples (self-made, the mixture ofthe three extracts were prepared according to the methods of theexamples and comparative examples of the present invention), wereprepared to 0.15 g/mL with distilled water during the experiment(calculated based on the original dose of the Chinese medicinalcomposition).

Reagents: urethane, isoproterenol hydrochloride, sodium chlorideinjection, CK, CK-MB kit.

Instruments: physiological recorder BL-420 physiological signalacquisition system, centrifuges, semi-automatic biochemical analyzer.

Experiment Methods a) Grouping and Model Preparation:

Before the test and before giving medicine, ran ECG examination for therats, discarded the S-T segment, there were abnormal changes andabnormal heart rhythms in T wave. The rats were randomly divided intoblank control group and model group, 10 rats in each group, each ratereceived a gavage respectively each day: saline was given to the blankgroup, the group of the Chinese medicinal composition of the presentinvention (Example 1, Example 2, Example 5, Example 6, Example 9,Example 11, were given according to a dose of 3 g/kg/d, the dose wascalculated based on the original dose of ginseng, ginkgo leaf and stigmacroci), the group of the comparative examples (wherein, comparativeexample 1, comparative example 2, comparative example 3,comparativeexample 4,comparative example 5,comparative example 6 were givenmedicines according to a dose of 3 g/kg/d, the dose was calculated basedon the original dose of ginseng, ginkgo leaf, stigma croci; comparativeexample 7,comparative example 8 were given medicines according to a doseof 3 g/kg/d, wherein the dose was calculated based on the original doseof ginseng, ginkgo leaf, stigma croci, soybean), the medicine wasadministered continuously for 10 days, in the 10th day, 30 min after theperfusion, a model was created according to the following method: 5ml/kg 20% urethane was given to the rats of each group throughintraperitoneal injection, after the rats were light anesthetized, thebacks of the rats were fixed, isoproterenol hydrochloride was injectedthrough multiple points subcutaneously, the equal volume of saline wasgiven to the normal control group, the ECG machines was connected, thespeed for the paper to move is 50 cm/s, the standard voltage was 10mm/mv, the ECG change after modeling was recorded. ECG was lead, thechanges of ST segment were observed. One of the following conditionswere considered to be positive for myocardial ischemia: 1) in S-Tsegment, an upward or downward horizontal shift≧0.1 mv, 2) T-wave ishigher than ½ of the R wave that was led; 3) T-wave was high and there'sa displacement in S-T segment. The standard for the ones that arenegative: 1) in S-T segment, oblique shift or horizontal shift<0.1 mv,2) T wave was flat and low or inverted in the two directions. Anelevation in ST segment≧0.1 mv of the ECG of the rats in the modelinggroup is considered to be a sign of success modeling.

b) Experiment Methods:

Continuous administration for 10 days, 30 min after the last gavage, amodel was created, ECG was lead using physiological recorderimmediately, 5 min, 10 min, 20 min, 30 min before modeling and aftermodeling, and blood collection was carried out after 6h, serum wascollected after centrifugation, run CK, CK-MB.

c) Statistical Analysis:

Experimental data were expressed by mean±standard deviation, t test wasused for statistical analysis.

3 Results a) Effects on the J Point Displacement

There were significant differences between the blank group and the modelgroup (P<0.01); compared with the model group, the groups of the Chinesemedicinal compositions of the present invention had significantdecreasing effects for the J point displacement at different time(P<0.05˜0.01), and the effects of the Chinese medicinal compositionswere better than each of the comparative groups. See Table 1.

TABLE 1 Effects of the Chinese medicinal compositions of the presentinvention on J point displacement of rats (X ± S, n = 10) dose Before 5min after 10 min after 20 min after 30 min after groups (g/kg) modelingmodeling modeling modeling modeling Blank group — 0.19 ± 0.02  0.21 ±0.01**  0.21 ± 0.04**  0.21 ± 0.02** 0.21 ± 0.03** Model group 0.19 ±0.01 0.43 ± 0.02 0.45 ± 0.03  0.47 ± 0.02  0.47 ± 0.04  Example 1 3 0.19± 0.02 0.40 ± 0.03 0.38 ± 0.02*  0.31 ± 0.03** 0.22 ± 0.02** Example 2 30.20 ± 0.02  0.39 ± 0.02* 0.39 ± 0.03*  0.29 ± 0.04** 0.24 ± 0.01**Example 5 3 0.19 ± 0.03 0.40 ± 0.02 0.36 ± 0.03*  0.31 ± 0.04** 0.25 ±0.02** Example 6 3 0.19 ± 0.01 0.40 ± 0.03 0.38 ± 0.02*  0.30 ± 0.03**0.26 ± 0.02** Example 9 3 0.19 ± 0.02  0.39 ± 0.02* 0.39 ± 0.03*  0.29 ±0.02** 0.23 ± 0.03** Example 11 3 0.20 ± 0.02 0.40 ± 0.01 0.36 ± 0.03* 0.31 ± 0.04** 0.26 ± 0.05** Comparative 3 0.20 ± 0.03 0.43 ± 0.04 0.40± 0.04* 0.35 ± 0.02* 0.32 ± 0.04*  example 1 Comparative 3 0.19 ± 0.020.41 ± 0.03 0.39 ± 0.04* 0.34 ± 0.03* 0.32 ± 0.02*  example 2Comparative 3 0.19 ± 0.03 0.42 ± 0.02 0.40 ± 0.03* 0.34 ± 0.04* 0.37 ±0.04*  example 3 Comparative 3 0.19 ± 0.01 0.42 ± 0.01 0.39 ± 0.03* 0.35± 0.02* 0.35 ± 0.05*  example 4 Comparative 3 0.20 ± 0.03 0.43 ± 0.020.42 ± 0.03  0.39 ± 0.04* 0.37 ± 0.04*  example 5 Comparative 3 0.19 ±0.02 0.43 ± 0.02 0.42 ± 0.03  0.41 ± 0.01* 0.40 ± 0.03*  example 6Comparative 3 0.20 ± 0.01 0.43 ± 0.03 0.38 ± 0.02* 0.33 ± 0.01* 0.26 ±0.03** example 7 Comparative 3 0.19 ± 0.02 0.42 ± 0.04 0.41 ± 0.03  0.39± 0.05* 0.39 ± 0.03*  example 8 PS: compared with the model group, *P <0.05; **P < 0.01

b) The Effects on the CK, CK-MB of the Serum of Isoproterenol InducedAcute Myocardial Ischemia Rats

Compared with the blank group, the Chinese medicinal compositions of thepresent invention had very significant differences; compared with themodel group, 6 h after modeling, the creatine kinase CK, the creatinekinase isoenzyme CK-MB were significantly reduced; and compared with thecomparative group, the effects of the compositions of the presentinvention were better. The Chinese medicinal compositions of the presentinvention showed a better protection to the isoproterenol induced tomyocardial ischemia injury of rats. See Table 2.

TABLE 2 Effects on the CK, CK-MB of the serum of isoproterenol inducedacute myocardial ischemia rats (X ± S, n = 10) dose CK CK-MB Groups(g/kg) (U/L) (U/L) Blank group —  336.27 ± 40.01**  205.27 ± 36.33**Model group 1465.44 ± 235.18  815.44 ± 125.18 Example 1 3  392.27 ±18.12**  277.47 ± 33.02** Example 2 3  402.57 ± 32.15**  282.59 ±32.11** Example 5 3  410.32 ± 30.18**  264.32 ± 29.63** Example 6 3 425.04 ± 20.42**  277.47 ± 27.32** Example 9 3  387.59 ± 19.71** 252.59 ± 41.31** Example 11 3  420.32 ± 34.38**  264.32 ± 31.13**Comparative 3 675.02 ± 37.12* 575.02 ± 52.32* example 1 Comparative 3560.98 ± 49.28* 360.98 ± 31.05* example 2 Comparative 3 678.02 ± 42.12*475.02 ± 52.32* example 3 Comparative 3 860.98 ± 41.27* 560.98 ± 45.41*example 4 Comparative 3 946.52 ± 56.04* 674.52 ± 57.78  example 5Comparative 3 1073.41 ± 35.12  713.41 ± 40.72  example 6 Comparative 3489.41 ± 65.27* 343.17 ± 26.04* example 7 Comparative 3 861.31 ± 52.74*591.31 ± 37.01* example 8 PS: compare with the model group, *P < 0.05;**P < 0.01

Summary: myocardial ischemia refers to a pathological state with thereduction of the blood perfusion of hearts, resulting in the reductionof oxygen supply of hearts, the abnormal myocardial energy metabolism,the normal work of heart not being supported. Coronary heart disease isthe main cause and the most common cause of myocardial ischemia.Compared with the Chinese medicinal compositions of the comparativeexamples, for the isoproterenol induced myocardial ischemia rats, theChinese medicinal compositions of the present invention cansignificantly decrease the J point displacement at different time(P<0.05˜0.01), can significantly decrease serum CK, CK-MB, which showsthat the Chinese medicinal compositions of the present invention have asignificant protection to the myocardial ischemia, and the effectsthereof are better than that of the Chinese medicinal composition of thecomparative example.

Test Example 2 Lipid-Lowering Experiments Experimental Materials

Kunming mice, weight 18-22 g, half male and half female, provided byVital River Animal Experiment Center.

Chinese medicinal compositions of the present invention and Chinesemedicinal compositions of the comparative examples (self-made, themixture of the corresponding extracts were prepared according to themethods of the examples and comparative examples of the presentinvention), were prepared to 0.2 g/mL with distilled water during to theexperiment (calculated based on the original dose of the composition).

Reagents: total cholesterol (TC) test kit; triglyceride (TG) assay kit.

Instrument: B-260 type thermostat water bath; TDL 80-2B type low-speedcentrifuge; THER-MO LABSYSTEM MK3 type microplate reader.

Experiment Methods

Take Kunming mice, they were randomly divided into a control group (16),a high fat model group (16), the groups of the compositions of thepresent invention (10 for each group), the groups of the comparativeexamples (10 for each group), in each group, half male and half female.Normal control group was fed with normal diet, the other groups were fedwith high-fat diet (the ingredients were as follows: 77.5% base diet, 2%cholesterol, 10% lard, 10% egg yolk powder, 0.5% sodium deoxycholate).Mice were weighed once a week, were fed five weeks. Five weeks later, 3male and female mice were randomly taken from the normal compare groupand the high fat model group, the eyeballs were taken to collect blood,serum TC and TG were measured. The serum TC and TG of the normal comparegroup were lower than that of the high fat model group, the differencesof the data were significant, indicating that the hyperlipemia micemodel were created, the mice can be used for formal testing. Then aequal volume of perfusion were given to the stomach of the mice of eachgroup according to the dose mentioned in table 4 (wherein, the Chinesemedicinal composition of the present invention (Example 1, Example 2,Example 5, Example 6, Example 9, Example 11, were administered accordingto a dose of 4 g/kg/d, the dose was calculated according to the originaldose of ginseng, ginkgo leaf, stigma croci), comparative group (wherein,comparative example 1, comparative example 2, comparative example 3,comparative example 4, comparative example 5,comparative example 6 wereadministered according to a dose of 4 g/kg/d, the dose was calculatedbased on the original dose of ginseng, ginkgo leaf, stigma croci;comparative example 7, comparative example 8 were administered accordingto a dose of 3 g/kg/d, the dose was calculated according to the originaldose of ginseng, ginkgo bleaf, stigma croci and soybean). The medicineof each group were prepared into suspension with 1% sodium carboxymethylcellulose. After 3 weeks of administration, all animals were fasted for12h, weighed, and the eyeballs were removed to collect blood, the bloodsamples were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 min, the serums wereseperated, the operation was carried out according to the instruction ofthe total cholesterol and triglycerides kit, TC and TG were measured.The resulting data were counted with SPSS10.0 statistical software, thedata were expressed with X±S.

Results a) The Effects of the Medicine of Each Group on the Increase ofWeight of the High Lipid Mice

At the beginning of the experiment, the body weight of the mice of eachgroup were about 18-20 g, after a five-week high fat diet modeling, thebody weight changes of mice in each group are different. It can be seen:compared with the normal control group, the changes of the weight of thehigh fat model group, the group of the compositions of the presentinvention, the group of the comparative examples are significantlyincreased, after 3 weeks of administration, the weight of the modelgroup are increased to the highest, indicating the high lipid modelgroup is kept, the Chinese medicinal compositions of the presentinvention and the Chinese medicinal compositions of the comparativeexamples can all significantly decrease the weight of the animals in thehigh fat model group (P<0.05). And the medicinal compositions of thepresent invention had a better effect on decreasing weight. See table 3.

TABLE 3 Effects of the Chinese medicinal compositions of the presentinvention on the weight of the mice (g) Dose (g/ Groups kg) Day 0 Day 7Day 14 Day 21 Day 28 Day 35 Day 42 Day 49 Day 56 Blank group 19.81 ±0.57 20.26 ± 1.11 21.67 ± 0.83 22.17 ± 0.96 23.11 ± 0.69 25.40 ± 1.1226.49 ± 1.15 26.74 ± 0.79 27.85 ± 1.17 Model group 19.55 ± 0.94 20.45 ±1.29 21.52 ± 1.01 22.57 ± 1.17 25.62 ± 1.14 27.54 ± 0.97 28.70 ± 1.0329.51 ± 1.06 29.95 ± 1.24 Example 1 4 19.24 ± 0.85 20.21 ± 0.91 21.37 ±1.19 22.27 ± 0.74 24.31 ± 1.01 27.31 ± 1.12 27.01 ± 1.14 26.73 ± 1.0226.47 ± 1.05 Example 2 4 20.07 ± 0.52 20.67 ± 1.24 21.78 ± 1.15 23.11 ±0.85 25.21 ± 0.92 27.03 ± 1.01 27.62 ± 0.94 26.57 ± 1.24 26.24 ± 0.85Example 5 4 20.42 ± 0.77 20.73 ± 0.87 21.61 ± 1.30 23.51 ± 0.94 24.13 ±1.34 26.53 ± 1.00 27.08 ± 1.06 27.12 ± 1.24 26.21 ± 1.25 Example 6 419.78 ± 0.60 20.56 ± 1.31 21.37 ± 1.12 22.34 ± 0.92 24.61 ± 1.17 27.18 ±1.32 27.31 ± 1.24 26.50 ± 1.26 26.37 ± 1.13 Example 9 4 20.85 ± 0.5920.38 ± 1.15 21.44 ± 0.87 23.29 ± 1.27 24.51 ± 0.83 26.54 ± 0.97 27.12 ±0.98 26.12 ± 0.94 26.04 ± 0.85 Example 11 4 20.37 ± 0.69 20.87 ± 1.0721.21 ± 1.02 22.86 ± 1.08 25.13 ± 1.14 27.12 ± 0.78 27.48 ± 1.19 27.03 ±1.13 26.56 ± 1.02 Comparative 4 19.77 ± 0.84 20.65 ± 0.77 22.08 ± 1.1523.01 ± 1.14 25.61 ± 1.11 27.95 ± 1.12 28.32 ± 1.07 27.54 ± 1.19 26.97 ±1.35 example1 Comparative 4 20.13 ± 0.91 20.91 ± 1.28 21.61 ± 1.01 22.74± 0.76 25.51 ± 0.92 27.78 ± 1.35 27.98 ± 1.05 27.12 ± 0.98 27.05 ± 1.15example2 Comparative 4 19.84 ± 0.67 20.41 ± 1.18 21.77 ± 1.07 23.48 ±1.24 25.13 ± 1.27 27.69 ± 0.93 27.72 ± 1.07 27.77 ± 1.15 27.16 ± 1.35example 3 Comparative 4 20.27 ± 0.57 19.74 ± 1.21 21.78 ± 1.05 23.95 ±1.12 25.78 ± 1.16 27.78 ± 1.26 27.84 ± 1.05 26.78 ± 1.35 27.62 ± 1.33example 4 Comparative 4 19.42 ± 1.03 19.74 ± 0.72 21.54 ± 0.97 23.54 ±1.03 25.34 ± 0.87 27.54 ± 0.97 27.41 ± 1.27 27.54 ± 1.24 26.77 ± 1.01example 5 Comparative 4 19.94 ± 0.64 20.11 ± 1.05 21.12 ± 0.78 23.61 ±0.78 26.07 ± 1.24 27.62 ± 0.67 27.46 ± 0.92 27.12 ± 1.18 27.25 ± 1.08example 6 Comparative 4 19.23 ± 0.53 20.64 ± 1.31 20.82 ± 1.24 22.34 ±1.19 24.52 ± 1.23 27.05 ± 0.78 27.06 ± 1.20 26.76 ± 1.01 26.54 ± 1.26example7 Comparative 4 20.61 ± 0.86 21.31 ± 1.15 21.85 ± 1.17 23.94 ±1.24 25.49 ± 1.07 27.59 ± 1.08 27.97 ± 1.26 27.75 ± 1.27 26.91 ± 1.37example 8 PS: compare with the model group, *P < 0.05b) Effects of the Medicine of Each Group on the Serum TC, TG of the Micewith Hyperlipidemia

After 3 weeks of administration, serum total cholesterol (TC) andtriglyceride (TG) of the mice of each group were measured. The resultscan be seen in Table 4.

TABLE 4 Effects of the Chinese medicinal compositions of the presentinvention on the lipid of the mice (X ± S, n = 10) Dose TC TG Group(g/kg) (mmol/L) (mmol/L) Blank group 2.57 ± 0.29**  1.25 ± 0.52** Modelgroup 5.84 ± 1.11  3.05 ± 0.44  Example 1 4 3.11 ± 0.29**  2.12 ± 0.50**Example 2 4 3.28 ± 0.61**  2.01 ± 0.36** Example 5 4 3.09 ± 0.37**  2.17± 0.41** Example 6 4 3.36 ± 0.53**  2.17 ± 0.30** Example 9 4 2.98 ±0.45**  1.92 ± 0.27** Example 11 4 3.24 ± 0.31**  2.21 ± 0.48**Comparative 4 4.28 ± 0.34*  2.61 ± 0.17* example 1 Comparative 4 3.38 ±0.67** 2.41 ± 0.27* example 2 Comparative 4 4.45 ± 0.39*  2.62 ± 0.51*example 3 Comparative 4 4.54 ± 0.22*  2.48 ± 0.32* example 4 Comparative4 4.79 ± 1.07*  2.76 ± 0.42* example 5 Comparative 4 4.74 ± 0.35*  2.78± 0.32* example 6 Comparative 4 3.65 ± 0.81** 2.54 ± 0.46* example 7Comparative 4 4.59 ± 0.46*  2.67 ± 0.38* example 8 PS: compare with themodel group, *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01

From table 4, it can be seen that the TC and TG level of the high lipidmodel were all significantly increased compared with the normal controlgroup, indicating that the high lipid model of mice was successfullycreated. Compared with the model group, the group of the Chinesemedicinal compositions of the present invention and the group of thecomparative examples can significantly decrease the TC and TG level ofmice, and the effects of the Chinese medicinal compositions of thepresent invention were better than that of the comparative examples,indicating that the effects of decreasing lipid of the compositions ofthe present invention were better than that of the comparative examples.Summary: hyperlipidemia refers to elevated levels of cholesterol ortriglyceride in plasma. Hyperlipidemia is mainly related to cholesterol,the increase of cholesterol is one of the most important risks thatcause the increase of mortality of cardiovascular and cerebrovasculardiseases such as coronary heart disease. Dyslipidemia, especially theincrease of the concentration of cholesterol, would easily lead to“condensed blood”, and may cause deposition on the vessel wall, andgradually form small plaques (that is what we often called“atherosclerosis”), the number and size of these “plaques” increase,gradually clogging the blood vessels, cause the blood to flow moreslowly, blood flow can even be interrupted when the situation gettingserious; if this situation occurs in the heart, it causes coronary heartdisease; if it occurs in the brain, it causes cardiovascular andcerebrovascular diseases such as stroke. Compared with the model group,the Chinese medicinal compositions of the present invention are verydifferent in the decreasing of serum TC and TG of hyperlipidemia mice(**P<0.01), which show that the Chinese medicinal compositions of thepresent invention have a better effect than the Chinese medicinalcompositions in the comparative examples in treating and preventingcardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Test Example 3 the Experiment of Reducing Blood Glucose ExperimentalMaterial

Kunming mice, weight 18˜22 g, male, provided by Vital River AnimalExperiment Center. Chinese medicinal compositions of the presentinvention and Chinese medicinal compositions of the comparative examples(self-made, the mixture of the corresponding extracts were preparedaccording to the methods of the examples and comparative examples of thepresent invention), were prepared to 0.2 g/mL with distilled waterduring the experiment (calculated based on the original dose of thecomposition).

Reagents: alloxan, insulin radioimmunoassay kit.Instrument: glucose/blood ketone instrument and matched test papers,electric-heated thermostatic water bath, electronic balance, low-speedrefrigerated centrifuge, radioimmunoassay counter.

Experiment Method Preparation of Diabetic Model Mice:

Male mice were fed adaptively for one week. 10 were randomly selected asnormal control, and the remaining mice were fasted (water was notinhibited) for 24 hours, 2% fresh solution was prepared by alloxan andsaline, and was given through intraperitoneal injection in a dose of 200mg/kg, after 72 hours, the tails were cut to collect blood and testblood glucose, the mice with 11.1 mmol/L blood glucose are diabeticmodel mice, and were involved in the experiment.

b) Grouping and Administration:

The diabetic model mice were randomly divided into groups, 10 for eachgroup. The blood glucose of the groups were close, wherein one group wasthe model control group, 6 groups were the groups of the compositions ofthe present invention, 8 groups were the groups of the comparativeexamples. The mice of the groups received gavages of the correspondingmedicine (the doses were the same as that of Test example 2), thecorresponding amount of saline was given to the normal control group andthe model control group, the weights were regularly weighed to adjustthe amount of medicines that were given, lasted for 21 days.

c) Indicator Detection:

During the experiment, tails were cut on 0 day, 7 days, 14 days, 21 daysto collect blood and detect blood glucose. Oral glucose tolerance testwas carried out after the end of the gavage and the detect of bloodglucose, the mice were given glucose through perfusion at a dose of 2.5g/kg and were detected the blood glucose at 0 min, 30 min, 60 min, 120min. At day 22, the blood was taken from the orbital of the mice, theserum was separated at 4° C., centrifuged for 10 min under 3000 rpm, thelevel of serum insulin was measured according to the instruction of thekits.

Experimental data were analyzed statistically using SPSS software, theresults of the indicators were expressed in mean±standard deviation, thecomparison between two groups were carried out by t test.

Results a) Effects on the Blood Glucose of the Alloxan HyperglycemiaModel Mice

After alloxan injection, blood glucose of the mice was significantlyincreased, the blood glucose of the mice that was administered for 7days and 14 days were high, and were very different from the normalgroup, indicating that the alloxan induced diabetes model wassuccessfully created, and the blood glucose of them were kept highduring the experiment. 7 days after the administration, the bloodglucose of the mice that were administered began to decrease, after 14days of administration, the blood glucose of the mice of the group ofthe compositions of the present invention decrease significantly,compared with the model group, the differences were significant. After21 days of gavages, the groups of the compositions of the presentinvention were significantly different (P<0.01), the groups ofcomparative examples were significantly different (P<0.05). The resultsshowed that the compositions of the present invention had better effectson decreasing blood glucose, and the effects of decreasing blood glucoseof the compositions of the present invention are better than the groupof comparative examples. Oral glucose tolerance test showed that theChinese medicinal compositions of the present invention largely improvedthe tolerance of the experimental mice to glucose (P<0.01), the groupsof comparative examples can significantly improve the tolerance of theexperimental mice to glucose (P<0.05). Results suggest that the effectsof decreasing blood glucose of the Chinese medicinal compositions of thepresent invention are better than that of the comparative groups. Seetable 5.

TABLE 5 Effects of the Chinese medicinal compositions of the presentinvention on the blood glucose of the alloxan hyperglycemia model mice(X ± S, n = 10) Dose Blood glucose (mmol/L) Groups (g/kg) 0 h 30 min 1 h2 h Blank group  6.57 ± 1.27**  15.21 ± 3.42**  13.40 ± 3.14**  10.49 ±2.57** Model group 24.12 ± 3.49  26.27 ± 3.41  24.01 ± 4.12  22.43 ±3.41  Example 1 4  13.94 ± 2.56**  18.64 ± 3.14**  16.41 ± 2.08**  15.42± 2.48** Example 2 4  13.47 ± 2.14**  17.51 ± 2.08**  15.75 ± 3.77** 14.81 ± 2.65** Example 5 4  14.18 ± 3.27**  19.21 ± 3.61**  17.78 ±2.24**  14.97 ± 2.87** Example 6 4  14.24 ± 2.31**  19.74 ± 2.04** 17.23 ± 2.02**  16.42 ± 3.18** Example 9 4  13.26 ± 2.45**  17.11 ±2.98**  15.23 ± 3.41**  13.85 ± 2.77** Example 11 4  15.18 ± 3.12** 18.61 ± 3.27**  16.78 ± 3.24**  15.87 ± 1.54** Comparative 4 19.24 ±175*  22.14 ± 2.71* 20.37 ± 3.75* 19.54 ± 3.20* example 1 Comparative 416.31 ± 3.21* 20.71 ± 3.17* 19.12 ± 2.74* 17.71 ± 2.14* example 2Comparative 4 19.84 ± 3.44* 23.14 ± 2.47* 21.37 ± 3.75* 19.54 ± 3.14*example 3 Comparative 4 19.36 ± 2.37* 22.71 ± 3.11* 20.31 ± 2.62* 18.71± 2.14* example 4 Comparative 4 18.98 ± 3.41* 22.98 ± 1.52* 20.77 ±3.97* 19.17 ± 3.27* example 5 Comparative 4 20.64 ± 2.15* 23.74 ± 2.13*21.77 ± 3.07* 19.52 ± 3.38* example 6 Comparative 4 17.11 ± 2.68* 21.62± 1.62* 19.54 ± 1.78* 18.54 ± 2.64* example 7 Comparative 4 19.74 ±3.36* 21.47 ± 2.02* 20.64 ± 2.74* 18.95 ± 2.17* example 8 PS: comparedwith the model group, *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01

b) Effects on the Serum Insulin of the Alloxan Diapetic Model Mice

Compared with the normal pairs, the serum insulin level of the modelmice was significantly reduced, indicating that after theintraperitoneal injection of alloxan, the function of the β cells of themice were damaged, which means the models were successful created;compared with the model group, the serum insulin levels of the group ofthe Chinese medicinal compositions of the present invention and thegroup of comparative examples were increased at various degrees, whereinthe groups of the Chinese medicinal compositions of the presentinvention had very significant differences (P<0.01), while the groups ofcomparative example 1, 2, 4, 7, 8 had significant differences (P<0.05),for the other groups of comparative examples, the serum insulin wereincreased, but there's no statistical significance, suggested that theeffects of the compositions of the present invention on the increase ofserum insulin of the alloxan diabetic mice were better than that of thegroup of comparative examples. The results can be seen in Table 6.

TABLE 6 Effects of the Chinese medicinal compositions of the presentinvention on the serum insulin of the alloxan diabetic mice (X ± S, n =10) Dose Serum insulin Groups (g/kg) (μIU/mL) Blank group 19.07 ± 2.67**Model group 10.14 ± 2.49  Example 1 4 16.14 ± 3.32** Example 2 4 15.48 ±3.04** Example 5 4 16.58 ± 2.67** Example 6 4 15.67 ± 3.12** Example 9 417.08 ± 2.14** Example 11 4 16.58 ± 2.27** Comparative 4 13.21 ± 2.41* example 1 Comparative 4 14.57 ± 1.35*  example 2 Comparative 4 12.41 ±2.47  example 3 Comparative 4 13.27 ± 1.45*  example 4 Comparative 411.58 ± 1.67  example 5 Comparative 4 12.34 ± 1.14  example 6Comparative 4 14.97 ± 1.86*  example 7 Comparative 4 14.18 ± 2.15* example 8 PS: compare with the model group, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01

Summary: With the improvement of people's living standards and theimpact of environmental factors, abnormal glucose metabolism appearedmore and more in patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovasculardiseases, if patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseaseshave abnormal glucose metabolism at the same time, they may have poorprognosis. The risks of recurrent of myocardial infarction for diabeticsthat are once suffered from myocardial infarction are beyond 40%. Inaddition, the abnormal glucose level can cause pathological process suchas endothelial dysfunction, the decrease of aortic elasticity, leftventricular hypertrophy, carotid atherosclerotic plaques, microalbuminuria, and ultimately lead to atherosclerosis. The Chinesemedicinal compositions of the present invention can significantlydecrease the blood glucose of the alloxan hyperglycemia model miceblood, improve the serum insulin of the alloxan diabetic mice,indicating that the Chinese medicinal compositions of the presentinvention have a good effect on treating and preventing cardiovascularand cerebrovascular diseases.

Test Example 4 Antithrombotic Experiment 1. Experimental Materials

SD rats, weight 180.0˜220.0 g, male and female, provided by Vital RiverAnimal Experiment Center, the rats were fed adaptively for a week in theanimal room (the temperature was controlled) before the animalexperiment.

Chinese medicinal compositions of the present invention and Chinesemedicinal compositions of the comparative examples (self-made, themixture of the corresponding extracts were prepared according to themethods of the examples and comparative examples of the presentinvention), were prepared to 0.15 g/mL with distilled water during theexperiment (calculated based on the original dose of the composition).

Aspirin: white tablets, 50 mg/piece, provided by China PharmaceuticalCompany Shanghai Branch. Pentobarbital sodium: white powder, provided byChina Pharmaceutical (Group) Shanghai Chemical Reagent Company, wasformulated to 0.8% water solution with saline for standby use. Heparin:white powder, 125 u/mg, China Pharmaceutical (Group) Shanghai ChemicalReagent Company, was formulated to 0.1% solution with saline for standbyuse. Sodium citrate: China Pharmaceutical Industry companies, SouthwestPharmaceutical factory one provided, was formulated to 3.8% solutionwith saline. ADP: produced by Sigma company, phosphate buffer with pH7.4 was formulated to 200 μmol/L solution for standby use.

MK4/HC platelet counting instrument (USA Baker Instru-ments produced),Labor aggregometer-153 dual channel platelet aggregometer (German LaborGmbHHanburg Company)

2. Experiment method

The rats were randomly divided into groups, each group was composed of15 rats, that is, the blank control group, aspirin group (1% CMC-Nasolution, grinded, and was formulated to 0.88 mg/mL suspension,according to 0.0044 g/kg/d), the groups of the Chinese medicinalcompositions of the present invention (6 groups, the doses were the sameas that in test example 1), the groups of comparative examples (8groups, the doses were the same as that in test example 1). The samevolume of saline was given to the Blank control group. The rats wereadministered once a day for 7 days.

Experiments of thrombus formation, in vivo: 1 h after 7 days ofadministration, the rats of the groups were hypnotized throughintraperitoneal injection with 0.8% sodium pentobarbital, with a dose of40 mg/kg referring to the artery—vein shunt thrombosis method [Zhang JunTian. Modern pharmacology experimental methods. Beijing: Beijing MedicalUniversity Press, 1998; 1216-1217], right common carotid artery and leftexternal jugular vein were separated. Three sections of polyethyleneplastic pipe were taken, the diameter of the middle section was 2 mm,the length was about 8.5 cm, the diameter of the two plastic pipe of thetwo ends were 1.5 mm, the length were 10 cm respectively. A No 4operation silk thread that was weighed previously with a length of about7 cm was placed in the plastic pipe in the middle section, wherein oneend of the thread with the length of 0.5 cm was exposed to the pipe tofix the position, and a silk thread with a length of 6.5 cm was kept inthe pipe, the polyethylene plastic pipe was filled with heparinsolution, one end of the plastic tube was inserted into the leftexternal jugular vein, the other end of the plastic tube was insertedinto the right common carotid artery, then the bloodstream was openedimmediately. 20 minutes after the bloodstream was opened, the blood flowwas interrupted immediately and the silk thread in the middle sectionwas quickly taken out, the silk was weighed and the weight was regardedas the total weight. The total weight minus the weight of the thread wasthe wet weight of thrombus. The thrombosis inhibition rate wascalculated according to the following formula:

Inhibition rate=(wet weight of thrombus in the control group−wet weightof thrombus in the control group in the experimental group)/wet weightof thrombus in the control group×100%.

The wet weight of thrombus in each group were compared statistically.

Platelet aggregation inhibition test: 1 h after 7 days of administrationto the rats of the groups, the rats were hypnotized according to theabove method, a tube was inserted into the common carotid artery tocollect blood, the blood was added 3.8% sodium citrate in a ratio of 1:9to become anticoagulant, when it was centrifuged for 5 minutes at 500rpm, the upper portion of the plasma was taken to be the platelet-richplasma (PRP), the remaining part was centrifuged again for 15 minutes at3,500 rpm, the supernatant was platelet poor plasma (the PPP), thenumber of platelet of PRP was counted with platelet counting instrument,the number of platelet of PRP was adjusted with PPP to about 3×105/mm2.The temperature of the sample tube was kept at 37° C. for 3 minutes,then 5 μL ADP was added (final concentration 5 μmol/L), stirring speedof the stirrer was 500 r/min, the space between the rows of the movementof the recording pen was recorded after adding, and the aggregation ratewas calculated according to the following formula:

Aggregation rate (%)=the itinerary of adding ADP×100%/0˜100% of theitinerary

The average accumulation rates and the standard deviations of eachexperimental group were calculated, and the platelet aggregationinhibition rates for each experimental group were calculated accordingto the following formula:

Aggregation inhibition rate (%)=(aggregation rate of the controlgroup−aggregation rate of the experimental group)/aggregation rate ofthe control group×100%.

3. Results a) Effect on the Experimental Thrombosis

Compared with the blank control group, in the groups that receivedmedicines, there were significant inhibiting effects on the thrombosis,compared with the control group, the wet weights of the thrombuses ofrats of the groups of the Chinese medicinal composition of the presentinvention, the groups of the Chinese medicinal compositions ofcomparative example 2 and example 7 were significantly different(P<0.01), the wet weights of the thrombus of rats of the groups of theChinese medicinal compositions of comparative example 1, comparativeexample 3, comparative example 4, comparative example 5, comparativeexample 6 and comparative example 8 (P<0.05) were significantlydifferent (P<0.05), indicating that the effects on thrombosis of rats ofthe Chinese medicinal composition of the present invention were betterthan that of the comparative group. The results can be seen in table 7.

TABLE 7 Effect of the Chinese medicinal compositions of the presentinventionon thrombosis of rats (X ± S, n = 15) Doses Wet weights ofInhibition Groups (g/kg) thrombus/g) rate/%) Control group — 0.081 ±0.018  / Aspirin group 0.0044 0.056 ± 0.011*  30.86 Example 1 3 0.040 ±0.002** 50.62 Example 2 3 0.041 ± 0.004** 49.38 Example 5 3 0.036 ±0.005** 55.56 Example 6 3 0.042 ± 0.004** 48.15 Example 9 3 0.035 ±0.004** 56.79 Example 11 3 0.038 ± 0.006** 53.09 Comparative 3 0.050 ±0.004*  38.27 example 1 Comparative 3 0.045 ± 0.005** 44.44 example 2Comparative 3 0.054 ± 0.009*  33.33 example 3 Comparative 3 0.049 ±0.003*  39.51 example 4 Comparative 3 0.058 ± 0.005*  28.40 example 5Comparative 3 0.055 ± 0.007*  32.10 example 6 Comparative 3 0.046 ±0.005** 43.21 example 7 Comparative 3 0.052 ± 0.005*  35.80 example 8PS: compared with the control group, *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01

(2) Effect on Platelet Aggregation

During the experiment, the number of platelet of the blood samplescollected from the groups of animals was about 3×105/mm², there's nosignificant difference. The results can be seen in table 8.

TABLE 8 Effect of the Chinese medicinal compositions of the presentinvention on platelet aggregation of rats (X ± S, n = 15) aggregationDoses Platelet inhibition Groups (g/kg) aggregation % rate/%) Controlgroup — 46.14 ± 5.23  / Aspirin group 0.0044 23.27 ± 3.06* 49.57 Example1 3  16.27 ± 3.17** 64.74 Example 2 3  17.51 ± 2.32** 62.05 Example 5 3 14.17 ± 5.28** 69.29 Example 6 3  17.27 ± 3.27** 62.57 Example 9 3 13.51 ± 2.32** 70.72 Example 11 3  15.67 ± 4.58** 66.04 Comparative 327.15 ± 4.12* 41.16 example 1 Comparative 3 19.14 ± 3.21* 58.52 example2 Comparative 3 22.96 ± 4.31* 50.24 example 3 Comparative 3 24.14 ±5.72* 47.68 example 4 Comparative 3 26.21 ± 3.53* 43.19 example 5Comparative 3 29.45 ± 4.32* 36.17 example 6 Comparative 3 20.87 ± 3.54*54.77 example 7 Comparative 3 27.67 ± 4.31* 40.03 example 8 PS: comparedwith the control group, *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01

From the above table, it can be seen that compared with the blankcontrol group, in the groups that receive medicines, there wereinhibitions to the ADP induced platelet aggregation of rats. Theaggregation inhibition rates of the Chinese medicinal compositions ofthe present invention (compared with the control group, **P<0.01) werebeyond that of the groups of comparative examples (compared with thecontrol group, *P<0.05), indicating that the effects on anti-plateletaggregation of the Chinese medicinal compositions of the presentinvention were better than that of the comparative groups.

Summary: Thrombus is an aggregation of some of the ingredients in theblood to form clumps, which affects blood flow. The reasons of theappearance of thrombus are mainly the change of the components of theblood, vascular endothelial damage and changes in blood flow velocity.Thrombus can block the coronary blood vessels, resulting in a sharpreduction or interruption of blood flow, causing severe and persistentacute ischemia of the corresponding cardiac muscles, resulting inischemic myocardial necrosis; in addition, certain parts of the brainblood vessels spontaneous thrombosis, resulting in the block of brainblood vessels, poor blood circulation, the formation of “cerebralthrombus”, after cerebral thrombosis, thrombosis shed off then cause theblock of blood vessels, and thus result in cerebral infarction. Comparedwith the Chinese medicinal compositions of the comparative examples, theChinese medicinal compositions of the present invention have bettereffect on reducing the size of thrombus, inhibiting thrombosis andreducing the aggregation of platelet, suggesting that the Chinesemedicinal compositions of the present invention have better effects onthe treatment and prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovasculardiseases.

Test Example 5 Effects on Scopolamine Hydrobromide Induced AcquiredMemory Disorder Model Mice 1. Experimental Materials

ICR mice, 18-22 g, half male and half female, provided by Beijing VitalRiver Laboratory Animal Technology Development Company Ltd.

Chinese medicinal compositions of the present invention and Chinesemedicinal compositions of the comparative examples (self-made, themixture of the corresponding extracts were prepared according to themethods of the examples and comparative examples of the presentinvention), were prepared to 0.2 g/mL with distilled water during theexperiment (calculated based on the original dose of the composition).

Huperzine (huperzine A tablets), 50 μg/piece, produced by Henan Zhu LinZhong Sheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and was formulated to 4 μg/mL withdistilled water during the experiment; tanakan tablets (tanakan),standardized Ginkgo leaf extract (Egb761) 40 mg/tablet, produced byFrance Beaufort—Ipsen pharmaceutical industry Co., Ltd., and wasformulated to 1.5 mg/mL with distilled water during the experiment;scopolamine hydrobromide, 0.6 mg/mL, Shanghai Hefeng pharmaceutical Co.

TT-2 type mice jumping program automatic controller: produced byInstitute of pharmacology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.

2. Experiment Method

Half male animals and half female animals, the animals were randomlydivided into groups: blank control group, model group, Huperzine 0.08mg/kg group, tanakan 30 mg/kg group, the groups of the Chinese medicinalcompositions of the present invention (6 groups, the doses were the sameas that of test example 2), the groups of comparative examples (8groups, the doses were the same as that of test example 2).

The animals were intragastric administered once a day at a dose of 20mL/kg, distilled water was given to blank control group and model group,one time a day, lasted for 15 days, 50 minutes after the administrationon the 14^(th) day, saline was given to the mice of blank control groupthrough intraperitoneal injection in a volume of 10 ml/kg, the restanimals were given scopolamine through injection (6 mg/kg). 10 minuteslater, the mice were placed on the jumping program automatic controller,to adapt for 3 minutes, then power on, the mice were stimulated byelectric shock for 5 times, when the mice were stimulated, they jump tothe diving platform to avoid electric shock, trained 5 minutes to obtainmemory. 60 minutes after the administration on the 15^(th) day, theanimals were placed on the jumping program automatic controller, thenumber of times that the mice left the jump platform and receivedelectric shock and the time of occurrence (the incubation period) weredetermined (number of errors). The results were analyzed statistically(t test).See table 9.

TABLE 9 Effects of the compositions of the present invention onscopolamine hydrobromide induced acquired memory disorder rats (X ± S, n= 12) Within 5 minutes Doses number of the incubation Groups (g/kg)errors period (s) Blank group 0.3 ± 0.7*  292.2 ± 31.4** Model group 1.9± 1.4  206.7 ± 53.4  Huperzine 0.00008 0.6 ± 0.6*  281.6 ± 39.4** groupTanakan 0.03 0.7 ± 0.4* 237.5 ± 82.8* group Example 1 4 0.5 ± 0.6* 268.6 ± 73.1** Example 2 4 0.7 ± 0.4*  277.5 ± 62.8** Example 5 4 0.8 ±0.7*  279.2 ± 93.1** Example 6 4 0.6 ± 0.5*  274.4 ± 72.0** Example 9 40.6 ± 0.5*  283.1 ± 52.8** Example 11 4 0.8 ± 0.7*  280.6 ± 43.2**Comparative 4 1.1 ± 0.7* 232.1 ± 42.7* example 1 Comparative 4 0.9 ±0.7* 252.7 ± 33.7* example 2 Comparative 4 1.0 ± 0.4* 236.4 ± 52.4*example 3 Comparative 4 1.1 ± 0.7* 246.7 ± 63.1* example 4 Comparative 41.4 ± 0.6  228.9 ± 51.2* example 5 Comparative 4 1.5 ± 1.1  223.4 ±42.3* example 6 Comparative 4 1.0 ± 0.3* 241.7 ± 56.9* example 7Comparative 4 1.0 ± 0.6* 231.7 ± 32.2* example 7 PS: compare with themodel group, *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01

Results: compared with the model group, the number of errors of the miceof the blank control group within 5 minutes were significantly decreased(P<0.05), the incubation period was prolonged significantly (P<0.01),indicating that the models were created successfully. Compared with themodel group, the number of errors of the mice of the huperzine groupwithin 5 minutes were significantly decreased (P<0.05), the incubationperiod was prolonged significantly (P<0.01), the number of errors of themice of the groups of the Chinese medicinal compositions of the presentinvention within 5 minutes were significantly decreased (P<0.05), theincubation periods were prolonged significantly (P<0.01); the number oferrors of the mice of the tanakan group and the groups of the Chinesemedicinal compositions of comparative examples 1-4, 7, 8 within 5minutes were significantly decreased (P<0.05), the incubation periodswere prolonged significantly (P<0.01). The number of errors of thegroups of Chinese medicinal compositions of comparative examples 5, 6have tendencies to decrease, the incubation periods thereof havetendencies to extend, there's no statistical significance.

Summary: The mice were given M-receptor antagonist scopolamine beforetraining, which can cause the decrease of the content of acetylcholinein the brain, causing acquired memory impairment. In this experiment,the platform test is carried out based on this chemical injury, thenumber of errors of mice in 5 minutes and the incubation periods wereregarded as the indicators, the effects of the compositions of thepresent invention and the compositions of the comparative examples onthe model were observed. The results showed that the Chinese medicinalcompositions of the present invention significantly improve thescopolamine induced acquired memory disorders of the mice, the effectsare better than that of the comparative groups, suggesting that theChinese medicinal compositions of the present invention may have effectsof increasing the content of acetylcholine in the brain, and the effectsare stronger than that of the comparative groups.

Test Example 6 Effects on Reserpine Induced Acquired Memory DisorderModel Mice 1. Experimental Materials

ICR mice, 25-32 g, half male and half female, provided by Beijing VitalRiver Laboratory Animal Technology Development Company Ltd.

Chinese medicinal compositions of the present invention and Chinesemedicinal compositions of the comparative examples (self-made, themixture of the corresponding extracts were prepared according to themethods of the examples and comparative examples of the presentinvention), were prepared to 0.2 g/mL with distilled water during theexperiment (calculated based on the original dose of the composition).

Huperzine (huperzine A tablets), 50 μg/piece, produced by Henan Zhu LinZhong Sheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and was formulated to 4 μg/mL withdistilled water during the experiment; tanakan tablets (tanakan),standardized Ginkgo leaf extract (Egb761) 40 mg/tablet, produced byFrance Beaufort—Ipsen pharmaceutical industry Co., Ltd., and wasformulated to 1.5 mg/mL with distilled water during the experiment;reserpine injection, 1 mg/mL, Hong Qi pharmaceutical factory of ShanghaiMedical University, and was formulated to 0.05 mg/mL with distilledwater during the experiment.

TT-2 type mice jumping program automatic controller: produced byInstitute of pharmacology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.

2. Experiment Method

Experimental Grouping was the Same as that of Test Example 5.

The animals were intragastric administered once a day at a dose of 20mL/kg, distilled water was given to the blank control group and themodel group, one time a day, lasted for 15 days. After theadministration on the 14^(th) day, saline was given immediately to themice of the blank control group through back and neck subcutaneousinjection in a volume of 10 ml/kg, the rest animals were given reserpinehydrochloride (0.5 mg/kg) through back and neck subcutaneous injection.60 minutes after the injection, the mice were placed on the jumpingprogram automatic controller, to adapt for 3 minutes, then power on, themice were stimulated by electric shock for 5 times, when the mice werestimulated, they jump to the diving platform to avoid electric shock,trained 5 minutes to obtain memory. 60 minutes after the administrationon the 15^(th) day, the animals were placed on the jumping programautomatic controller, the number of errors and the incubation period ofmice within 5 minutes were determined. The results were analyzedstatistically (t test).

3. Results

Compared with the model group, the number of errors of the mice of theblank control group within 5 minutes were significantly decreased(P<0.05), the incubation period was prolonged significantly (P<0.01),indicating that the model was created successfully. Compared with themodel group, the number of errors of the mice of the group of theChinese medicinal compositions of the present invention within 5 minuteswere significantly decreased (P<0.05), the incubation period wasprolonged significantly (P<0.05). the number of errors of the mice ofthe comparative medicine group, huperzine group and tanakan group within5 minutes were significantly decreased (P<0.05), the incubation periodhave tendencies to extend, but there's no statistical significance. Seetable 10.

TABLE 10 Effects of the compositions of the present invention onreserpine induced acquired memory disorder mice (X ± S, n = 12) Within 5min Doses number of the incubation Groups (g/kg) errors period (s) Blankgroup 0.5 ± 0.8*  283.1 ± 35.6* Model group 2.1 ± 1.7  186.7 ± 81.7Huperzine 0.00008 0.6 ± 0.9* 243.1 ± 38.4 group Tanakan 0.03 0.5 ± 0.8*245.7 ± 87.9 group Example 1 4 0.3 ± 0.5*  272.3 ± 63.7* Example 2 4 0.5± 0.4*  267.1 ± 72.1* Example 5 4  0.4 ± 0.7**  273.6 ± 63.5* Example 64 0.6 ± 0.5*  264.8 ± 57.9* Example 9 4 0.6 ± 0.5*  275.3 ± 62.6*Example 11 4 0.3 ± 0.7*  280.4 ± 75.3* Comparative 4 1.1 ± 0.5* 221.7 ±37.2 example 1 Comparative 4 0.7 ± 0.6* 243.5 ± 61.5 example 2Comparative 4 0.9 ± 0.7* 206.8 ± 72.3 example 3 Comparative 4 1.0 ± 0.6*238.1 ± 55.4 example 4 Comparative 4 1.5 ± 0.9  217.2 ± 43.7 example 5Comparative 4 1.6 ± 1.1  228.4 ± 52.6 example 6 Comparative 4 0.8 ± 0.5*248.4 ± 47.5 example 7 Comparative 4 1.2 ± 1.1  209.4 ± 85.1 example 8PS: compared with the model group, P < 0.05; **P < 0.01

Summary: The study confirmed that reserpine can cause the depletion ofmonoamine neurotransmitter in brain, damage to learning and memoryprocess, giving the mice reserpine before the training can cause them toobtain or retain memory impairment. The number of errors and theincubation time when the errors happened within 5 minutes weredetermined to be the indicator of the present experiment, the effects ofthe Chinese medicinal compositions of the present invention and thegroups of the comparative examples on the model were observed. After themice were given gavages of the Chinese medicinal compositions of thepresent invention and the compositions of the comparative examples, thetwo indicators received improvements of different degrees, and theimprovements of the groups of the Chinese medicinal compositions of thepresent invention are much better than that of the group of comparativeexamples, indicating that the Chinese medicinal compositions of thepresent invention have effects of improving the acquired memoryimpairment of animals, suggesting that it is related to the mechanismthat the Chinese medicinal compositions of the present invention canincrease the content of the catecholamine neurotransmitter, and effectsof the Chinese medicinal compositions of the present invention arebetter than that of the comparative examples.

Test Example 7 Effects on Sodium Nitrite Induced Acquired ConsolidateMemory Disorder Model Mice 1. Experimental Materials

ICR mice, 18-22 g, half male and half female, provided by Beijing VitalRiver Laboratory Animal Technology Development Company Ltd.

Chinese medicinal compositions of the present invention and Chinesemedicinal compositions of the comparative examples (self-made, themixture of the corresponding extracts were prepared according to themethods of the examples and comparative examples of the presentinvention), were prepared to 0.2 g/mL with distilled water during theexperiment (calculated based on the original dose of the composition).

Huperzine (huperzine A tablets), 50 μg/piece, produced by Henan Zhu LinZhong Sheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and was formulated to 4 μg/mL withdistilled water during the experiment; tanakan tablets (tanakan),standardized Ginkgo leaf extract (Egb761) 40 mg/tablet, produced byFrance Beaufort—Ipsen pharmaceutical industry Co., Ltd., and wasformulated to 1.5 mg/mL with distilled water during the experiment;sodium nitrite, produced by Beijing Yili fine chemicals Co., and wasformulated to 12 mg/mL with saline during the experiment.

TT-2 type mice jumping program automatic controller: produced byInstitute of pharmacology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.

2. Experiment Method

Experimental Grouping was the Same as that of Test Example 5.

The animals were intragastric administered once a day at a dose of 20mL/kg, distilled water was given to the animals of blank control groupand model group, one time a day, lasted for 15 days. 60 minutes afterthe administration on the 14^(th) day, the mice were placed on thejumping program automatic controller, to train for 5 minutes, and themice were stimulated by electric shock for 5 times. After the treatment,saline was given immediately to the mice of comparative group throughback and neck subcutaneous injection in a volume of 10 ml/kg, sodiumnitrite (120 mg/kg) were injected to the rest of the animals. 60 minutesafter the administration on the 15^(th) day, the animals of the groupswere placed on the jumping program automatic controller, the number oferrors and the incubation period of mice within 5 minutes weredetermined. The results were analyzed statistically (t test).

3. Results

Compared with the model group, the number of errors of the mice of theblank control group within 5 minutes were significantly decreased(P<0.05), the incubation period was prolonged significantly (P<0.01),indicating that the models were created successfully. Compared with themodel group, the number of errors of the mice of the group of theChinese medicinal compositions of the present invention, the huperzinegroup and the tanakan group within 5 minutes were significantlydecreased (P<0.05), the incubation period was prolonged significantly(P<0.01˜0.05). The number of errors of the mice of the group of theChinese medicinal composition of the comparative example 7 within 5minutes were significantly decreased (P<0.05), the incubation period wassignificantly prolonged (P<0.05). The number of errors of the mice ofthe group of the Chinese medicinal composition of the comparativeexample 2 within 5 minutes were significantly decreased (P<0.05), theincubation period had the tendency to extend, but there's no statisticalsignificance. The number of errors of the other comparative groups hadtendencies to decrease, the incubation times had tendencies to extend,there's no statistical significance. The results can be seen in table11.

TABLE 11 Effects of the composition of the present invention on sodiumnitrite induced consolidate memory disorder mice (X ± S, n = 12) Within5 min doses Number of The incubation groups (g/kg) errors time (s) Blankgroup 0.1 ± 0.3*  295.2 ± 16.4** Model group 1.2 ± 0.8  176.6 ± 94.7Huperzine 0.00008 0.5 ± 0.7*  229.1 ± 94.6* group Tanakan 0.03 0.3 ±0.6*  290.3 ± 23.4** group Example 1 4 0.4 ± 0.7*  267.9 ± 83.9* Example2 4 0.3 ± 0.7*  260.1 ± 81.2* Example 5 4 0.4 ± 0.7*  287.1 ± 53.6**Example 6 4 0.6 ± 0.9*  279.6 ± 58.7** Example 9 4 0.4 ± 0.6*  288.4 ±92.1** Example 11 4 0.5 ± 0.8*  274.5 ± 67.3* Comparative 4 0.9 ± 0.5 237.6 ± 28.9 example 1 Comparative 4 0.8 ± 0.4*  241. ± 65.5 example 2Comparative 4 0.9 ± 0.8  228.6 ± 71.7 example 3 Comparative 4 1.2 ± 0.8 236.3 ± 58.4 example 4 Comparative 4 1.1 ± 0.9  203.4 ± 67.7 example 5Comparative 4 1.3 ± 1.0  214.5 ± 72.6 example 6 Comparative 4 0.8 ± 0.6* 244.8 ± 51.4* example 7 Comparative 4 1.1 ± 0.8  211.5 ± 64.9 example 8PS: compared with the model group *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01

The study confirmed that sodium nitrite can cause the denaturation ofhemoglobin, thus cause the ischemia and hypoxia of the brain tissue,damage the learning and studying process, giving the mice sodium nitriteimmediately after training would cause the consolidate or retainimpairment of memory of the mice. On the basis of this chemical damage,with the number of errors and the incubation time being the indicatorsin the present experiment, the effects of the compositions of thepresent invention and the compositions of the comparative examples onthe models were observed. After the mice were given gavages of thecompositions of the present invention and the compositions of thecomparative examples, the two indicators received improvements ofdifferent degrees, and the improvements of the groups of thecompositions of the present invention are much better than that of thegroup of comparative examples, indicating that the compositions of thepresent invention have effects of improving the consolidate memoryimpairment of animals, suggesting that the Chinese medicinalcompositions of the present invention may improve the memory of studyingby improving the circulation of the brain and improving the ischemia andhypoxia of the brain tissue, and the effects of the Chinese medicinalcompositions of the present invention are better than that of thecomparative examples.

Test example 8 Effects on the VaD caused by the permanent ligation ofbilateral common carotid artery of rats

1. Experimental Material

(1) Animals: SD rats, weight 250-270 g, male. Provided by Beijing VitalRiver Laboratory Animal Technology Development Company Ltd.

(2) Medicines:

The Chinese medicinal compositions of the present invention and Chinesemedicinal compositions of the comparative examples (self-made, themixture of the corresponding extracts were prepared according to themethods of the examples and comparative examples of the presentinvention), were prepared to 0.3 g/mL with distilled water during theexperiment (calculated based on the original dose of the composition).

Huperzine (huperzine A tablets), 50 μg/piece, produced by Henan Zhu LinZhong Sheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and was formulated to 6 μg/mL withdistilled water during the experiment; tanakan tablets (tanakan),standardized Ginkgo leaf extract (Egb761) 40 mg/tablet, produced byFrance Beaufort—Ipsen pharmaceutical industry Co., Ltd., and wasformulated to 2 mg/mL with distilled water during the experiment.

(3) Reagents:

High Performance Liquid: acetylcholine chloride (AchCl), disodiumhydrogen phosphate (Na₂HPO4), chloride, tetramethyl ammonium chloride(TMACI), sodium octanesulfonate (OSA), sodium thiosulfate (Na₂S₂O5),ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid tetrasodium salt (EDTA), all HPLCgrade, produced by Sigma, USA; phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄, 85%), perchloricacid (HClO₄), all are HPLC grade, produced by Fisher Scientific company,USA; MB reagent, produced by ESA company, USA.

Biochemical measurements: acetylcholinesterase (TCHE) kit; superoxidedismutase (SOD) kit; malondialdehyde (MDA) kit; protein quantitation(biuret method) kit; all provided by Jiancheng Institute ofBioengineering of Nanjing; neuropeptide Y (NPY) kit, provided by RIAcenter of Science and technology development center of PLA GeneralHospital; β-endorphin (β-EP) kit, provided by the Navy RIA technologycenter.

(4) Instrument:

MORRIS water maze, produced by Institute of Medicines of Chinese Academyof Medical Sciences. FT-630Gγ-counter, produced by Beijing nuclearplant. Spectrophotometer, UV-120-02, produced by Shimadzu company,Japan. 16 Channels Coularray Cullen array electrochemical highperformance liquid chromatography and chromatography workstation, 582pumps, 5600A electrochemical detector, auto sampler 542, 5040 type solidporous electrode (platinum electrode, solid palladium electrodes), CH150typecolumn oven, immobilized enzyme reactor before columns, immobilizedenzyme reactor after columns, the products are all from ESA company,USA; columns (C18150×3 mm I.D.), products of ESA company, USA;ultracentrifuge 55P-72, a product of HITACHI company, Japan; cryogenicrefrigerators, products of JOUAN company, France; syringe microporousmembrane filter: aqueous membrane (0.22 μm), product of Tianjin Tengdafilter factory.

(5) Conditions for the determination of the content of acetylcholine(ACh)

Mobile phase: Na₂HPO₄ (100 mmol/L), TMACI (0.5 mmol/L), OSA (2.0 mmo/L),MB reagent (0.005% v/v), diluted with redistilled water, 85% PH wasadjusted to 8.00 by H₃PO₄, filtered by 0.22 μm aqueous membrane.

Chromatographic conditions: ESA582 type binary pump system, ESA ACH-3column (150×3 mm 5 μm I.D.), former ESA immobilized enzyme reactorbefore columns (ESA ACH-SPR, 3 cm), flow rate, 0.35 mL/min, columntemperature, 35° C.

Test conditions: 5600A electrochemical detector; 5040 type solid porouselectrode (platinum working electrode, a solid state palladium referenceelectrode) potential: +300 mV.

2. Experiment Method

Sham group, model group, Huperzine group, tanakan group, the groups ofthe Chinese medicinal composition of the present invention (six groups,the doses were the same as that in test example 1), the groups of thecomparative examples (8 groups, the doses were the same as that in testexample 1).

Rats were anaesthetized with chloral hydrate (350 mg/kg), incisions weremade in the middle of the necks, bilateral common carotid arteries wereseparated and received a ligation (the arteries were only separated butdid not receive a ligation in the sham group), sutured the wounds of therats then fed them in cages, the rats received an anti-infective processwith penicillin for 4 days. One month later, a swimming test in theMORRIS water maze was carried out, the rats with a tendency of learningand memory impairment were selected with the time of duration being theindicator, the rats were randomly grouped: the model group; Huperzine 60μg/kg group; tanakan 20 mg/kg group; the group of the Chinese medicinalcompositions of the present invention and the group of the Chinesemedicinal compositions of the comparative examples (the doses are thesame as that of experimental example 1), the rats were intragastricadministered once a day (10 mL/kg) for 2 months. The sham group and themodel group were given gavages of distilled water of the same volume. 2months, 3 months after the models were created (1 month and 2 monthsafter the administration), the time of the duration of MORRIS water mazewere measured. After the last measurement, blood was taken from abdomensaorta, the brain was taken quickly, and the left hemisphere wassolidified with liquid nitrogen. In ice bath, with 0.15M HCLO₄homogenates (1 ml was added for 100 mg brain weight) 14000×g 4° C.,centrifuged for 20 min, the supernatant was taken, filtered with 0.22 μmmembrane, 10 μl was fed into the auto sampler, the content of Ach wasdetermined using HPLC; right hemisphere, 4 for each group, weresolidified with formalin, dehydrated, embedded, sliced, HE dyed forpathological examination, homogenates of six brain tissue, AchE, SODactivity and MDA content (colorimetric method) were measured; Indicatorssuch as neuropeptide Y, β-EP in plasma were determined (RIA). Theresults were analyzed statistically (t test).

3. Results 3.1 Effects on the Time of Duration in the Water Maze of Rats

After one month of the ligation of the bilateral common carotid arteriesof rats, although the tendency of learning and memory impairmentappeared, but compared with the sham group, there were not greatdifferences. Two months, three months after the ligation, compared withthe model group, for the time of duration in the MORRIS water maze ofrats, the time of the sham group was significantly shorter than that ofthe model group (P<0.01), indicating that the models were createdsuccessfully. After 2 months to 3 months administration, the learningand memory ability of the rats of the Chinese medicinal composition ofthe present invention are all significantly improved, compared with themodel group, the time of duration was significantly shortened (P<0.01);same effects were found in the comparative medicine Huperzine group andthe group of the Chinese medicinal compositions of the comparativeexample 2, comparative example 3, comparative example 6 and comparativeexample 7 (P<0.05˜0.01); 3 months after the administration, the learningand memory ability of the rats of the comparative medicine Tanakan grouphas a tendency of improving, there's no statistical significance. Theresults can be seen in table 12.

TABLE 12 Effects on the time of duration in MORRIS water maze of VaDrats (X ± S) time (s) 1 month 2 months 3 months doses after the afterthe after the (g/ model was model was model was groups kg) n createdcreated created Sham group 11 34.6 ± 32.7 9.2 ± 6.8** 7.3 ± 4.2** Modelgroup 10 57.6 ± 21.4 54.9 ± 31.2  43.7 ± 29.6  Huperzine 0.00006 10 58.6± 26.6 24.6 ± 19.0*  9.0 ± 5.2** group Tanakan 0.02 10 57.1 ± 25.4 46.8± 38.7  21.8 ± 15.1  group Example 1 3 10 56.5 ± 23.6 18.3 ± 11.9** 13.7± 8.9**  Example 2 3 10 54.7 ± 28.8 17.4 ± 15.8** 14.4 ± 11.8** Example5 3 10 57.4 ± 18.6 22.2 ± 27.1** 8.7 ± 7.1** Example 6 3 10 55.1 ± 24.114.4 ± 12.0** 9.4 ± 8.2** Example 9 3 10 57.6 ± 12.5 13.1 ± 10.8** 8.5 ±4.8** Example 11 3 10 54.8 ± 19.7 18.6 ± 13.2** 10.2 ± 13.2**Comparative 3 10 57.1 ± 20.7 32.8 ± 12.7*  22.5 ± 12.3  example 1Comparative 3 10 56.8 ± 21.6 25.7 ± 13.5*  18.9 ± 10.5*  example 2Comparative 3 10 57.1 ± 26.4 23.4 ± 15.4** 17.4 ± 14.2** example 3Comparative 3 10 56.3 ± 15.7 36.7 ± 16.5*  27.4 ± 10.7  example 4Comparative 3 10 56.4 ± 10.6 38.7 ± 15.2*  25.1 ± 11.6  example 5Comparative 3 10 57.1 ± 18.1 30.4 ± 12.9*  20.4 ± 10.2*  example 6Comparative 3 10 56.0 ± 17.3 24.1 ± 14.1*  13.7 ± 8.1**  example 7Comparative 3 10 56.7 ± 16.6 31.7 ± 12.2*  21.7 ± 8.3   example 8 PS:compared with the model group, *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01

3.2 Effects on the Activity of AchE and the Content of Ach in the Brainsof Rats

After 3 months of the ligation of the bilateral common carotid arteriesof rats, the activity of AchE in brains was increased and the content ofAch was decreased, there was significant differences between the shamgroup and the model group (P<0.01); After 2 months of administration,the activity of AchE in the brains of the rats in the group of Chinesemedicinal compositions of the present inventions were significantlydecreased (P<0.05), the Ach content of the whole brains of the rats weresignificantly increased (P<0.01) the same effect was observed in thecomparative medicine Huperzine group and the group of the Chinesemedicinal composition of comparative example 7 (P<0.05˜0.01), thechanges were not significant for the activity of AchE in the othergroups of Chinese medicinal compositions of comparative examples andTanakan group, the content of Ach was significantly increased (P<0.05).The results can be seen in table 13.

TABLE 13 Effects on the activity of AchE and the content of Ach inbrains of VaD rats (X ± S) Ach (ng/g wet Doses AchE weight of Groups(g/kg) n (U/mgprot) n brain tissue) Sham group 7  0.687 ± 0.077** 112687.2 ± 601.8** Model group 6 1.006 ± 0.214  10 1354.9 ± 131.6 Huperzine 0.00006 6 0.726 ± 0.106* 10 1992.6 ± 590.0** group Tanakan0.02 6 0.801 ± 0.162  10 1646.8 ± 358.7*  group Example 1 3 6 0.756 ±0.095* 10 1958.3 ± 511.6** Example 2 3 6 0.769 ± 0.103* 10 1917.4 ±315.2** Example 5 3 6 0.757 ± 0.146* 10 2022.4 ± 257.1** Example 6 3 60.755 ± 0.124* 10 2314.4 ± 412.0** Example 9 3 6 0.708 ± 0.125* 102307.1 ± 522.3** Example 11 3 6 0.738 ± 0.137* 10 1998.6 ± 613.7**Comparative 3 6 0.787 ± 0.207  10 1832.8 ± 312.6*  example 1 Comparative3 6 0.768 ± 0.086* 10 1875.7 ± 193.5*  example 2 Comparative 3 6 0.791 ±0.164  10 1623.4 ± 271.4*  example 3 Comparative 3 6 0.785 ± 0.157  101536.7 ± 486.5*  example 4 Comparative 3 6 0.824 ± 0.106  10 1738.7 ±375.2*  example 5 Comparative 3 6 0.957 ± 0.182  10 1630.4 ± 412.9* example 6 Comparative 3 6 0.749 ± 0.134* 10 2124.1 ± 314.1** example 7Comparative 3 6 0.866 ± 0.163  10 1531.7 ± 212.2*  example 8 PS:compared with the model group, *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01

3.3 Effects on the Activity of SOD, the Content of MDA of Brain Tissue

After 3 months of the ligation of the bilateral common carotid arteriesof rats, the activity of SOD in the brain was significantly decreased,there were significant differences between the sham group and the modelgroup (P<0.01), there were no significant changes for the content ofMDA; Compared with the model group, the activity of SOD of the groups ofChinese medicinal compositions of the present invention were increasedsignificantly (P<0.05), there were no significant changes for theactivities of SOD for the rest of the groups. Compared with the modelgroup, there were no significant changes for the content of MDA of thebrains of the rats of the groups. The results can be seen in table 14.

TABLE 14 Effects on the activity of SOD and the content of MDA in thebrains of the VaD rats (x ± s) Doses SOD MDA Groups (g/kg) n (U/mgprot)(μmol/mgprot) Sham group 7  87.1 ± 20.8** 2.169 ± 0.568 Model group 645.6 ± 13.2 2.574 ± 0.811 Huperzine 0.00006 6 51.7 ± 9.6  2.194 ± 0.251group Tanakan 0.02 6 57.4 ± 5.3  2.121 ± 0.405 group Example 1 3 6  75.6± 10.5* 2.255 ± 0.763 Example 2 3 6  69.2 ± 15.3* 2.241 ± 0.511 Example5 3 6  68.7 ± 17.1* 2.085 ± 0.292 Example 6 3 6  72.5 ± 12.4* 2.314 ±0.241 Example 9 3 6  78.7 ± 14.6* 2.127 ± 0.283 Example 11 3 6 70.9 ±9.2* 2.396 ± 0.134 Comparative 3 6 60.7 ± 10.7 2.134 ± 0.412 example 1Comparative 3 6 62.6 ± 8.6  2.187 ± 0.213 example 2 Comparative 3 6 50.9± 8.1  2.323 ± 0.574 example 3 Comparative 3 6 58.5 ± 7.1  2.536 ± 0.465example 4 Comparative 3 6 42.4 ± 11.6 2.538 ± 0.372 example 5Comparative 3 6 49.5 ± 8.9  2.164 ± 0.417 example 6 Comparative 3 6 60.4± 13.4 2.127 ± 0.398 example 7 Comparative 3 6 56.6 ± 14.1 2.517 ± 0.472example 8 PS: compared with the model group, *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01

3.4 Effects on the Plasma NPY, β-EP of Rats

After 3 months of the ligation of the bilateral common carotid arteriesof rats, the content of plasma NPY was significantly decreased, thecontent of β-EP was significantly increased, there were significantdifferences between the sham group and the model group (P<0.01); 2months after the administration, the contents of NPY of the rats of thegroup of the Chinese medicinal composition of the present invention, thegroup of the Chinese medicinal composition of comparative example 2 andthe group of the Chinese medicinal composition of comparative example 7were significantly increased, the β-EP of each group was significantlydecreased (P<0.01 for all), the contents of NPY of the rats of thegroups of the Chinese medicinal compositions of the other comparativeexamples were significantly increased, the β-EP of each group wassignificantly decreased (P<0.05 for all), the effects were not obviousfor the comparative medicine Huperzine and Tanakan. The results can beseen in table 15.

TABLE 15 Effects on the contents of plasma NPY, β-EP of the VaD rats (x± s) doses NPY β - EP Groups (g/kg) n (pg/mL) (pg/mL) Sham group 111132.8 ± 61.1**  743.8 ± 98.5**  Model group 10 885.6 ± 163.2  1003.4 ±63.8   Huperzine 0.00006 10 847.7 ± 189.1  1032.9 ± 109.5   groupTanakan 0.02 10 841.6 ± 95.3  1119.2 ± 176.4   group Example 1 3 101075.6 ± 120.7** 770.9 ± 197.8** Example 2 3 10 1069.8 ± 105.2** 670.2 ±65.9**  Example 5 3 10  988.5 ± 127.1** 658.9 ± 164.1** Example 6 3 101052.5 ± 152.4** 731.4 ± 212.6** Example 9 3 10 1128.7 ± 84.6**  587.2 ±128.1** Example 11 3 10 1094.9 ± 69.2**  696.7 ± 134.7** Comparative 310 920.7 ± 150.8* 891.3 ± 141.2*  example 1 Comparative 3 10 992.6 ±78.6** 756.7 ± 121.5** example 2 Comparative 3 10 940.9 ± 128.1* 853.3 ±85.4*  example 3 Comparative 3 10 958.1 ± 97.1*  836.7 ± 146.1*  example4 Comparative 3 10 942.4 ± 121.6* 953.2 ± 137.1  example 5 Comparative 310 949.5 ± 158.9* 921.6 ± 101.4*  example 6 Comparative 3 10  980.4 ±113.4** 741.2 ± 110.6** example 7 Comparative 3 10 956.5 ± 124.7* 875.1± 134.7*  example 8 PS: compared with the model group, *P < 0.05; **P <0.01

3.5 Pathological Examination

Pathological examination showed that: The arrangement of the hippocampalpyramidal cell layer of the sham group was almost regular, the structurewas compact, and it has multiple layers, the cell nuclear membrane wasfresh and smooth. The arrangement of some parts of most of thehippocampal pyramidal cell of the model group was loose, there werewrinkles on the cell nuclear membrane, the nucleolus was relativelysmall, the structures of part of the pyramidal cells were not clear,stained, they were triangles or agglomerates, there were visible gaps onthe surroundings, the nucleolus disappeared. The arrangement of thehippocampal pyramidal cell of the huperzine group was slightly loose,most of the cell nuclease membranes can be seen, a small part of thenucleolus were relatively small, part of the nucleolus dissappeard. Fortanakan group, the groups of Chinese medicinal compositions ofcomparative examples 1˜3 and 7, the arrangement of the hippocampalpyramidal cell were neat, the sizes of the cells were acceptable, thenuclear membranes were clear, part of the nucleolus can be seen. Thearrangement of most of the hippocampal pyramidal cells of the group ofChinese medicinal composition of the present invention was in an orderlyfashion, the structures between the cells were compact, the cell nuclearmembranes were relative fresh and the nucleolus were acceptable, andwere scattered in the region, with visible wrinkles, stained pyramidalcells. The arrangement of the hippocampal pyramidal cells of the groupof Chinese medicinal composition of the comparative example 4 wasrelatively loose, the cells were relatively small, part of the cellswere stained, obscure, unclear boundaries, there were wrinkles for eachindividual, they were triangles and agglomerates. The arrangement of thehippocampal pyramidal cells of the groups of Chinese medicinalcompositions of comparative examples 5˜6 and 8 were acceptable, thelayers can be seen, the boundaries between the pyramidal cells were notclear, the nuclear membrane was faded, the nucleolus were small, theywere in denatured state, and part of them disappeared.

Summary:

Chronic cerebral ischemia is a common pathological process of thedevelopment of many diseases such as vascular dementia (VaD), Alzheimerdisease (AD) and subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy(Binswanger's disease) and other diseases. Study confirmed that afterthe ligation of the bilateral common carotid artery (2VO) of rats, bloodflow may continue to decline, after three weeks, chronic phase started,after a month, it is still lower than the normal group; neurons thatwere involved in learning and memory, such as cortex, hippocampus wereatrophied, degenerated, depigmented, which means it was progressivelyaggravated; 3 months after 2VO, the adhesion between the cortex andhippocampus M acetylcholine receptor declined; there was significantobstacles in the behavior such as learning and memory.

Many studies have shown that, after cerebral ischemia, the overload ofCa²⁺ in cells, exitotoxcity and inflammatory reactions can be caused,which further leads to the damage of the function and structure ofneurons. Cerebral ischemia and hypoxia can also cause the dysfunction ofmitochondrial oxidative metabolism, leading to excess generation ofactive oxygen radicals, including O⁻², HO⁻², OH⁻, H₂O₂ and so on. Theseactive oxygen radicals can react with proteins, lipids, nucleic acidmolecules in neurons and destroy their molecular structure, superoxidechanges occur, which can further cause damage to the structure andfunction of brain cells, and generate excess peroxidation products suchas malondialdehyde (MDA). The neurons of hippocampus, prefrontal cortex,temporal lobe and cerebral cortex were sensitive to ischemia, and theseareas are brain areas that are closely related to learning and memoryability. The damage of the function and structure of these neurons inbrains after cerebral ischemia will cause disorder of theneurotransmitters associated with learning and memory, result in adecline in the ability of learning and memory, and even dementia.

2VO prepared VaD model of the present experiment confirmed the abovebiochemical, pathological and behavioral changes of process, and it wasobserved that the Chinese medicinal compositions of the presentinvention can significantly inhibit the activity of AchE, increasing thecontent of Ach in the brains of the model animals, improving thelearning and memory impairment, the medicine can also largely increasethe activity of DOS in the brain, eliminating the oxygen free radicalsto protect brain tissue, indicating that the groups of the Chinesemedicinal compositions of the present invention have significanttherapeutic effects for VaD, and the effects are much better than thatof the Chinese medicinal compositions of the comparative examples.

It is reported that in the plasma of VaD patients, the content ofneuropeptide Y is decreased, the content of β-EP increased, theapplicant determined the contents of neuropeptide Y and β-EP of the 2VOprepared model animals, it is consistent with the report, and it isobserved that in the group of the Chinese medicinal compositions of thepresent invention, the plasma neuropeptide Y can largely be increased,and the content of plasma β-EP can be largely decreased.

Pathological examination showed that: Some areas of hippocampus of themodel group were arranged loosely, visible shrinks can be seen onnuclear membranes, the nucleolus were relatively small, the structure ofpart of the pyramidal cells were not clear, stained, they were trianglesor agglomerates, visible gaps on the surroundings, the nucleolus weredisappeared. Most of the hippocampus pyramidal cells of the groups ofthe Chinese medicinal compositions of the present invention were orderlyarranged, the structures between the cells were compact, the nuclearmembrane was fresh, and the degrees of lesions were significantlyreduced.

Test Example 9 Effects on Ischemic Reperfusion and SubcutaneousInjection of D-Galactose Induced Learning and Memory Impairment inMice 1. Experimental Material

(1) Animals: ICR mice, 25-32 g, half male and half female. Provided byBeijing Vital River Laboratory Animal Technology Development CompanyLtd.

(2) Medicines:

The Chinese medicinal compositions of the present invention and theChinese medicinal compositions of the comparative examples (self-made,the mixture of the corresponding extracts were prepared according to themethods of the examples and comparative examples of the presentinvention), were prepared to 0.2 g/mL with distilled water during theexperiment (calculated based on the original dose of the composition).

Huperzine (huperzine A tablets), 50 μg/piece, produced by Henan Zhu LinZhong Sheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and was formulated to 4 μg/mL withdistilled water during the experiment; tanakan tablets (tanakan),standardized Ginkgo leaf extract (Egb761) 40 mg/tablet, produced byFrance Beaufort—Ipsen pharmaceutical industry Co., Ltd., and wasformulated to 1.5 mg/mL with distilled water during the experiment.D-galactose, produced by Shanghai Hengxin chemical reagent co., LTD;acetylcholinesterase (TCHE) kit; superoxide dismutase (SOD) kit;malondialdehyde (MDA) kit; glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) kit; nitricoxide (NO) kits; protein quantitation (biuret method) kit; by NanjingJiancheng Bioengineering Center.

(3) Instrument:

MORRIS water maze, produced by Institute of Medicines of Chinese Academyof Medical Sciences. Spectrophotometer, UV-120-02, produced by Shimadzucompany, Japan.

2. Experiment Method

The mice were randomly grouped, half male and half female: Sham group,complex model group, D-galactose group, ischemia reperfusion group,Huperzine group, tanakan group, the groups of the Chinese medicinalcompositions of the present invention (six groups, the doses were thesame as that in test example 2), the groups of the comparative examples(8 groups, the doses were the same as that in test example 2). The micewere anaesthetized with chloral hydrate, incisions were made in thenecks, ischemia and reperfusion surgery was applied: bilateral commoncarotid arteries were separated, were clipped by bulldog clamp for 20minutes, loosened for 2 minutes, then were clipped again for 20 minutesthen loosened, at the same time, the tails of the mice were cut, 0.5 mLblood was collected, repeated cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury wasformed, sutured the wounds of the rats then fed them in cages. 7 daysafter the operation, D-galactose (100 mg/kg, 10 mL/kg) was given to themice through subcutaneous injection on the back, and simultaneously, themice were intragastric administered (20 mL/kg) once a day, lasted for 8weeks; for the sham group, common carotid arteries were separatedwithout clipping, the same volume of saline was injected throughsubcutaneous injection on the back; for D-galactose group, commoncarotid arteries were separated without clipping, D-galactose (100mg/kg, 10 mL/kg) was injected through subcutaneous injection on theback; the ischemia reperfusion group was received an ischemiareperfusion operation, the same volume of saline was injected throughsubcutaneous injection on the back. The sham group, complex model group,D-galactose group were given gavages of distilled water of the samevolume.

8 weeks after the administration, the mice were trained for 3 days inthe MRRIS water maze, two times a day, the learning and memory behaviorwere determined on the 4th day, on the 5th day, the heads were cut totake the brains, the brains were formulated into 10% homogenates withsaline, the activities of AchE, SOD, GSH-Px, the contents of biochemicalindicatores such as MDA, NO in the brain tissues were determined(colorimetry).The results were analyzed statistically (t test)

3. Results 3.1 Effects on the Learning and Memory Behavior of Mice inMORRIS Water Maze

After 8 weeks of receiving ischemia-reperfusion and subcutaneousinjection of D-galactose, the times of duration of swimming and thelengths of paths of swimming for the mice in MORRIS water mazeprolonged, there were significant differences compared with the shamgroup (P<0.01); the search strategies were mostly edge type or randomtype. Compared with the sham group and the model group, there were nosignificant differences regarding the times of duration of swimming andthe lengths of paths of swimming for the group that only receivedischemia-reperfusion, compared with the complex model group, there weresignificant differences regarding the search strategy (P<0.05); comparedwith the complex model group, there were no significant differencesregarding the time of duration of swimming, the length of path ofswimming and the search strategy for the group that only receivedD-galactose through subcutaneous injection; indicating that the learningand memory impairment of mice can be formed by only subcutaneousinjection of D-galactose and ischemia reperfusion damages, but theextents were not as significant as that of the combination of the two;compared with the complex model group, the length of the path ofswimming of the comparative medicine huperzine group was decreased, thesearch strategy was largely improved (P<0.05-0.01); the time of durationof swimming and the length of the path of swimming of tanakan group weresignificantly decreased (P<0.05˜0.01), the search strategy was notlargely improved; the time of duration of swimming and the lengths ofthe path of swimming of the mice of the groups of Chinese medicinalcompositions of the present invention were significantly decreased(P<0.05˜0.01), the search strategies were largely improved (P<0.01); thetime of duration of swimming and the lengths of the path of swimming ofthe groups of comparative examples 2, 3, 7, 8 were all significantlydecreased (P<0.05˜0.01), the search strategies were largely improved(P<0.05˜0.01); the time of duration of swimming and the lengths of thepath of swimming of the groups of comparative examples 1, 4, 5, 6 wereall significantly decreased (P<0.05), the search strategies were largelyimproved. The results can be seen in table 16.

TABLE 16 Effects on the learning and memory behavior of mice in MORRISwater maze (x ± s, n = 12) Time of doses duration Length of path SearchGroups (g/kg) (s) (cm) strategy Sham group 12.8 ± 8.6  337.1 ± 254.3 2.1 ± 0.5  Complex  53.7 ± 38.4^(##) 1193.9 ± 876.7^(##)  3.4 ±1.0^(##)  model group Ischemia- 52.1 ± 55.9  971.3 ± 928.8  2.5 ± 1.0* reperfusion group D-galatose 34.7 ± 49.8  582.2 ± 765.3  2.9 ± 1.1 group Huperzine 0.00008 21.7 ± 14.6*  355.8 ± 234.1** 2.4 ± 1.0*  groupTanakan 0.03  17.1 ± 10.0** 436.1 ± 263.2* 2.8 ± 1.2  group Example 1 4 16.9 ± 12.1**  364.7 ± 439.8** 2.1 ± 1.0** Example 2 4 18.5 ± 16.6* 345.9 ± 406.0** 2.2 ± 1.2** Example 5 4 18.4 ± 10.1*  375.8 ± 180.9**2.1 ± 0.7** Example 6 4  15.2 ± 15.3**  347.6 ± 303.3** 2.2 ± 1.1**Example 9 4  14.7 ± 13.6**  341.4 ± 195.6** 2.2 ± 0.9** Example 11 415.9 ± 9.2**  367.5 ± 268.8** 2.1 ± 0.6** Comparative 4 26.7 ± 15.8*394.9 ± 405.5* 2.6 ± 1.2  example 1 Comparative 4 25.6 ± 28.6* 406.8 ±260.4* 2.2 ± 1.2** example 2 Comparative 4 24.9 ± 12.1* 434.9 ± 274.8*2.4 ± 1.2*  example 3 Comparative 4 25.1 ± 7.1*  441.2 ± 190.1* 2.5 ±1.0  example 4 Comparative 4 34.4 ± 12.6* 472.1 ± 437.5* 2.5 ± 1.1 example 5 Comparative 4 30.9 ± 15.8* 457.3 ± 431.4* 2.6 ± 0.8  example 6Comparative 4 18.4 ± 11.3* 410.8 ± 302.6* 2.4 ± 1.1** example 7Comparative 4 36.5 ± 12.7* 427.1 ± 341.2* 2.5 ± 1.0*  example 8 PS:{circle around (1)}search strategy: straight line type 1 point; tendencytype 2 points; edge type 3 points; random type 4 points; {circle around(2)}compared with the sham group, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01; {circle around(3)} compared with the model group, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.

3.2 Effects on the Activities of SOD, GSH-Px and the Contents of MDA andNO of Brain Tissue

After 8 weeks of receiving ischemia-reperfusion and subcutaneousinjection of D-galactose, for the brain tissue of the mice (complexgroup), the activities of SOD, GSH-Px were decreased, and the contentsof MDA, NO were increased, there were significant differences comparedwith the sham group (P<0.05˜0.01); for the group that only receivedD-galactose through subcutaneous injection, for the brain tissue, theactivities of SOD, GSH-Px were decreased, and the contents of MDA, NOwere increased, there were significant changes compared with the shamgroup (P<0.05˜0.01 for all), there were no significant changes comparedwith the complex model group; for the group that only receivedischemia-reperfusion, compared with the sham group, for the braintissue, the activities of SOD, GSH-Px and the contents of MDA, NO weredecreased (P<0.05), compared with the sham group, there were nosignificant changes for the contents of MDA. Compared with the complexmodel group, there were no significant changes for the activities ofSOD, GSH-PX and the contents of MDA, NO of the comparative medicinehuperzine group; for the tanakan group, the activities of SOD, GSH-PXwere significantly increased, and the contents of MDA, NO weresignificantly decreased (P<0.05˜0.01); for the group of the Chinesemedicinal compositions of the present invention, the activities of SOD,GSH-PX were significantly increased, and the contents of MDA, NO weresignificantly decreased (P<0.05˜0.01); for the groups of the Chinesemedicinal composition of the comparative examples 1˜3, 7, for the braintissue of mice, the activities of SOD were significantly increased, thecontents of NO were significantly decreased (P<0.05 for all), there wereno significant changes for the activities of GSH-Px and the contents ofMDA; for the groups of comparative examples 4˜6, 8, the contents of NOwere significantly decreased (P<0.05 for all), there were no significantchanges for the activities of SOD, GSH-PX and the contents of MDA. Theresults can be seen in table 17.

TABLE 17 Effects on the activities of SOD, GSH-Px and the contents ofMDA and NO of brain tissue (x ± s, n = 12) doses SOD GSH-Px MDA NOGroups (g/kg) (U/mgprot) (U/mgprot) (nmol/mgprot) (nmol/mgprot) Shamgroup 170.2 ± 12.8  31.22 ± 2.87 4.194 ± 0.703 1.181 ± 0.190  Complex 151.2 ± 12.1^(##)  27.45 ± 3.67^(#)  5.127 ± 1.010^(#)  1.694 ±0.374^(##) model group D-galactose 156.3 ± 15.3^(# )  27.90 ± 2.06^(##) 5.099 ± 0.819^(#) 1.426 ± 0.231^(# ) group Ischemica- 153.3 ± 21.4^(# ) 28.06 ± 3.25^(#) 4.661 ± 0.770 1.419 ± 0.276^(# ) reperfusion groupHuperzine 0.00008 159.8 ± 21.2  28.58 ± 2.87 4.651 ± 0.832 1.442 ±0.295  group Tanakan 0.03 163.8 ± 14.0*  30.40 ± 2.47*  4.261 ± 0.484* 1.299 ± 0.169** group Example 1 4 162.5 ± 22.5*  29.12 ± 4.40*  4.382 ±0.519*  1.310 ± 0.278** Example 2 4 166.6 ± 18.6*  30.75 ± 2.43*  4.234± 0.536*  1.305 ± 0.348** Example 5 4  169.1 ± 20.0**  30.65 ± 2.86* 4.206 ± 0.676*  1.280 ± 0.279** Example 6 4 165.2 ± 14.7*  30.40 ±2.47*  4.345 ± 0.530*  1.235 ± 0.164** Example 9 4  169.7 ± 13.2** 29.12 ± 4.40*  4.144 ± 0.953*  1.212 ± 0.917** Example 11 4 165.9 ±19.3*  30.75 ± 2.43*  4.367 ± 0.426*  1.251 ± 0.716** Comparative 4161.6 ± 15.4* 28.37 ± 3.14 4.894 ± 0.240 1.426 ± 0.542* example 1Comparative 4 163.2 ± 25.6* 28.87 ± 2.47 4.606 ± 0.560 1.379 ± 0.741*example 2 Comparative 4 164.9 ± 12.7* 28.52 ± 1.67 4.734 ± 0.746 1.407 ±0.512* example 3 Comparative 4 160.1 ± 8.2  28.89 ± 3.61 4.841 ± 0.2191.385 ± 0.179* example 4 Comparative 4 158.4 ± 11.4  28.14 ± 3.26 4.972± 0.445 1.395 ± 0.425* example 5 Comparative 4 160.4 ± 10.6  28.76 ±2.71 4.907 ± 0.343 1.436 ± 0.821* example 6 Comparative 4 164.4 ± 14.3*28.64 ± 1.83 4.608 ± 0.306 1.367 ± 0.156* example 7 Comparative 4 157.6± 9.3  28.61 ± 3.51 4.927 ± 0.642 1.424 ± 0.634* example 8 PS: comparedwith the sham group, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01; compared with the complexmodel group, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01

3.3 Effects on the Activity of AchE of Brain Tissue

After 8 weeks of receiving ischemia-reperfusion and subcutaneousinjection of D-galactose, for the brain tissue of the mice (complexgroup), the activity of AchE was significantly increased, there weresignificant differences compared with the sham group (P<0.01); For thegroup that only received subcutaneous injection of D-galactose and thegroup that only received ischemia-reperfusion, the activities of AchE ofthe brain tissues were increased, there were significant differencescompared with the sham group (P<0.05), there were no significantdifferences compared with the complex model group. Compared with thecomplex model group, the activities of AchE of the groups of the Chinesemedicinal compositions of the present invention, the groups of theChinese medicinal compositions of the comparative examples 1-3, 7(P<0.05); there were no significant changes for the activities of AchEof the groups of the Chinese medicinal compositions of the comparativeexamples 4˜6, 8. The results can be seen in table 18.

TABLE 18 Effects on the activity of AchE of the brain tissue (x ± s, n =10) doses AchE Groups (g/kg) (U/mgprot) Sham group 0.658 ± 0.107 Complex  0.902 ± 0.153^(##) model group D-galactose 0.813 ± 0.140^(# )group Ischemia 0.814 ± 0.163^(# ) reperfusion group Huperzine 0.000080.729 ± 0.134* group Tanakan 0.03 0.780 ± 0.105  group Example 1 4 0.708± 0.085* Example 2 4 0.743 ± 0.118* Example 5 4 0.696 ± 0.173* Example 64 0.715 ± 0.127* Example 9 4 0.681 ± 0.141* Example 11 4 0.729 ± 0.094*Comparative 4 0.741 ± 0.104* example 1 Comparative 4 0.732 ± 0.086*example 2 Comparative 4 0.739 ± 0.077* example 3 Comparative 4 0.760 ±0.092  example 4 Comparative 4 0.785 ± 0.115  example 5 Comparative 40.754 ± 0.126  example 6 Comparative 4 0.789 ± 0.123* example 7Comparative 4 0.773 ± 0.119  example 8 PS: compared with the sham group*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01; compared with the complex model group *P < 0.05,**P < 0.01

Summary: The exact mechanism of the cerebral ischemia reperfusion injuryis not clear, most of the scholars believe that it is related to thecascade reaction induced by the increase of oxygen free radicals. Undernormal conditions, there are very small amount of oxygen free radicalsthat are formed and their lives are short, therefore, they do not causedanger to the body, wherein the endogenous oxygen free radicalscavengers play a very important role. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)is an important enzyme decomposed by catalytic hydroxyl free radicals;SOD is the representative of endogenous oxygen free radical scavenger,to a certain extent, its vitality reflects the scavenging vitality ofthe endogenous oxygen free radicals; the main metabolite MDA generatedby membrane lipid degradation is usually used as an indicator of lipidperoxidation, NO is the an extremely important messenger of body, andhas a dual role in the process of cerebral ischemia, in one hand, it canreduce the area of infarction, increase cortical blood supply, on theother hand, it can generate a synergistic effect with the oxygen freeradicals produced by ischemia, result in damage of nerve cells.Monitoring the level of SOD, GSH-Px, MDA, NO of brain tissue isimportant for the study of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.

D-galactose subacute aging model is built by the following process:giving the mice large doses of D-galactose continuously throughsubcutaneous injection to cause glucose metabolism disorder of theanimals. Under the catalysis of D-galactose oxidase, oxygen freeradicals such as superoxide anion can be generated by D-galactose.Oxygen free radicals are highly reactive, can attack the unsaturatedfatty acids, proteins, enzymes of the membrane phospholipids and DNAwithin the nucleusetc.; the free radicals can also allow the lipids tocarry out peroxidation to form lipid peroxide (LPO), MDA is generatedunder acidic condition after the precipitation of LPO with protein, MDAis an active crosslinker, it can quickly generate a fluorescent dye withphosphatidylethanolamine, and then form lamellar lipofuscin (LF) withproteins, peptides, lipids. With the continuous injection ofD-galactose, the mice can produce changes of a number of biochemicalindicators, such as the increase of brain tissue MDA, the content of LF;the decrease of brain SOD, blood GSH-Px, erythrocyte CAT activities, andthese changes are consistent with natural aging changes, indicating thatD-galactose can cause the aging of cells and organisms. SOD, GSH-Px, CATactivities indirectly reflect the body's ability to eliminate oxygenfree radicals; and the levels of MDA, LF indirectly reflect the severityof the level of the attacks of free radicals to the cells.

In this experiment, mice with cerebral ischemia reperfusion injurycombined with subcutaneous injection of D-galactose were caused braininjury, then the activity of AchE was significantly enhanced, thuscognitive impairment appeared, the spatial learning ability wasdecreased; it is also observed in the test that for the brain tissue ofthe mice of the complex model, the activities of SOD, GSH-Px weresignificantly decreased, the contents of MDA, NO were significantlyincreased. After the mice were given a gavage of the Chinese medicinalcompositions of the present invention, for the brain tissue of the mice,the activity of AchE was decreased, the activities of SOD, GSH-Px weresignificantly enhanced, the contents of MDA, NO were significantlydecreased, the spatial learning ability was significantly enhanced,indicating that the Chinese medicinal compositions of the presentinvention have inhibiting effects of the generation of the reactiveoxygen and lipid peroxidation caused by ischemia reperfusion, thuspreventing irreversible damage to nerve cells, thus improving theability of learning and memory, and the efficacy of the Chinesemedicinal compositions of the present invention are better than that ofthe Chinese medicinal compositions of the comparative examples.

Test Example 10 Effects on Multi-Infarct Dementia (MID) Model Rats 1.Experimental Material

(1) Animals: SD rats, male, weight 260-280 g, provided by Beijing VitalRiver Laboratory Animal Technology Development Company Ltd.

(2) Medicines:

The Chinese medicinal compositions of the present invention and theChinese medicinal compositions of the comparative examples (self-made,the mixture of the corresponding extracts were prepared according to themethods of the examples and comparative examples of the presentinvention), were prepared to 0.15 g/mL with distilled water during theexperiment (calculated based on the original dose of the composition).

Tanakan tablets (tanakan), standardized Ginkgo leaf extract (Egb761) 40mg/tablet, produced by France Beaufort—Ipsen pharmaceutical industryCo., and was formulated to 2.0 mg/mL with distilled water during theexperiment. Sodium alginate microspheres vascular embolization agent(KMG), size: 100˜200 μm, Beijing Sheng Yi Yao Technology DevelopmentCo., Ltd.; somatostatin (SS) radioimmunoassay kit, neuropeptide Y (NPY),provided by naval RIA technology center; calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP) radioimmunoassay kit, Beijing Furui bio-engineering company,endothelin (ET), provided by Beijing Bei Mian Dong Ya Institute ofbiotechnology. Norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), homovanillic acid (HVA), 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT), 5-hydroxy indole acetic acid (5-HIAA), sodium dihydrogenphosphate (of NaH₂PO₄), citric acid, sodium thiosulfate (Na₂S₂O₅),ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid tetrasodium salt (EDTA), all were ARgrade; sodium octanesulfonate (OSA), HPLC grade, they were all theproducts of Sigma company, USA; acetonitrile (ACN), perchloric acid(HClO₄), they were all HPLC grade, products of Fisher Scientificcompany, USA.

(3) Instrument:

Ultracentrifuge (Japan HITACHI 55P-72); 16-channels Coularray Cullenarray electrochemical high performance liquid chromatography andchromatography workstation, 580 pumps, 5600A electrochemical detector,auto sampler 542, products of ESA company, USA; columns (C1815×4.6 mm 5μm), products of WATERS company, USA. Cryogenic refrigerators, productsof JOUAN company, France; syringe microporous membrane filter: aqueous(0.22 μm), product of Tianjin Tengda filter factory. MORRIS water maze,produced by Institute of Medicines of Chinese Academy of MedicalSciences. FT-630Gγ-counter, produced by Beijing nuclear plant.

(4) Chromatographic conditions:

Mobile phase composition: sodium dihydrogen phosphate 90 mmol/L, citricacid 50 mmol/L, sodium octanesulfonate 1.7 mmol/L, ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid tetrasodium salt (EDTA) 0.05 μmol/L. The solution wasfiltered with 0.2 um water membrane. Acetonitrile (10%) was added to thefiltrate. The flow rate of the mobile phase was 0.6 mL/min, the workingelectrode 1: −150 mV, the working electrode 2: 450 mV, the workingelectrode 3: 500 mV, the working electrode 4: 550 mV.

Preparation of a standard solution: stock solution (100 μg/mL) wasprepared with 0.1 mol/L perchloric acid and standard substance, storedat a refrigerator at −70° C. The stock solution was diluted to 10 μg/mLas a diluent. The dilution was formulated into solution with seriesconcentrations to be used as standard solutions. 0.15 mol/L perchloricacid (0.04% sodium metabisulfite and 0.04% EDTA were contained) was usedas the working fluid.

2. Experiment Method

Rats received intraperitoneal anesthesia with chloral hydrate (350mg/kg), the hair of the neck was shaved, disinfected, the rats receivedan incision in the middle of the neck, the common carotid artery,internal carotid artery and external carotid artery were separated. Theexternal carotid artery received a ligation, the common carotid arterywas clipped by a bulldog clamp, 0.1 mL KMG was injected into theinternal carotid artery by a syringe from the external carotid artery,the bulldog clamp was released, the external carotid artery received anligation, sutured the wounds of the rats and fed them in cages. For thesham group, only the common carotid artery, internal carotid artery andexternal carotid artery were separated, no microspheres were injected.Penicillin sodium for injection was used for anti-inflection for 4 days.The next day after the surgery, the behavior of the animals wereobserved, if there were behavior changes of the forelimbs, then themodels were successfully created (otherwise the rats were discarded),and the rats were divided into model group, tanakan 20 mg/kg group, thegroups of the Chinese medicinal compositions of the present invention (6groups, the doses were the same as that of test example 1), the groupsof comparative examples (8 groups, the doses were the same as that oftest example 1).

10 days after the surgery, the rats were intragastric administered, thesham group and the model group were all received gavages of distilledwater of the same volume, once a day, lasted for 90 days. 40, 100 daysafter the models were created (30, 90 days after the administration),the time of duration and the lengths of path for the rats to search forplatform in the MORRIS water maze were determined, 60 minutes after thelast administration, the rats received intraperitoneal anesthesia withchloral hydrate and blood was taken from aorta abdominalis,anti-coagulated, the plasma was separated, and the heads were quicklycut to take the brains out, the cortex, hippocampus, striatum wereseparated, weighed, solidified with liquid nitrogen, stored in arefrigerator at the temperature of −70° C. For each 100 mg brain tissue,1 mL cold working fluid was added, the combinations were homogenizedwith electronic homogenizer for 15 s in ice bath (11000 turn/min), 0-4°C. 14000 rpm centrifuged for 20 minutes, the supernatant was extracted,filtered with 0.22 μm membrane and syringes type filter, the filtratewas separated stored at a refrigerator at −20° C. 10 μl was fed eachtime with the auto sampler, the contents of the monoamineneurotransmitters such as 5-HT, 5-HIAA, NE, DA and so on were determinedwith HPLC (HPLC-ECD method). Plasma ET, NPY, SS, CGRP were determined(RIA). The results were analyzed statistically (t test).

3. Results 3.1 Effects on the Cerebral Cortex, Striatum, HippocampusWeight

After the injection of biomicrosphere, the microspheres entered into thebrain blood with the blood flow, after 24 h, they can form multiplecerebral infarctions with different sizes that are mainly in the regionof the cortex, hippocampus, striatum. After 100 days, for the modelgroup, the infarct were liquefied and necrosis of the infarct happened,cavities appeared, the brain tissue were shrinked, the hippocampus wassmaller, the cortical was thinner, the weight was decreased, comparedwith the model group, there were significant differences for the shamgroup (P<0.05˜0.01), compared with the model group, for the groups ofthe Chinese medicinal compositions of the present invention and theChinese medicinal compositions of the comparative examples, the weightsof the cerebral cortex of the rats were increased, but there were nostatistical significance, for the groups of the Chinese medicinalcompositions of the present invention, the weights of the striatum,hippocampus were significantly increased (P<0.05), for the comparativemedicine tanakan group and the groups of the Chinese medicinalcompositions of the comparative examples, the weights of the cerebralcortex, striatum, hippocampus of rats were all increased, but there wasno statistically significance. See table 19.

TABLE 19 Effects on the weights of the cerebral cortex, striatum,hippocampus of MID rats (x ± s, n = 10) Doses Weights (g) Groups (g/kg)Cerebral cortex Striatum Hippocampus Sham group  0.464 ± 0.084**  0.072± 0.007*  0.087 ± 0.022* Model group 0.325 ± 0.044 0.052 ± 0.020 0.064 ±0.015 Tanakan 0.02 0.347 ± 0.069 0.061 ± 0.021 0.069 ± 0.007 groupExample 1 3 0.348 ± 0.094  0.070 ± 0.016*  0.085 ± 0.018* Example 2 30.341 ± 0.028  0.071 ± 0.009*  0.084 ± 0.008* Example 5 3 0.357 ± 0.051 0.070 ± 0.007*  0.084 ± 0.017* Example 6 3 0.355 ± 0.062  0.072 ±0.011*  0.086 ± 0.012* Example 9 3 0.376 ± 0.025  0.074 ± 0.006*  0.087± 0.017* Example 11 3 0.348 ± 0.067  0.070 ± 0.017*  0.085 ± 0.013*Comparative 3 0.326 ± 0.031 0.054 ± 0.024 0.070 ± 0.024 example 1Comparative 3 0.347 ± 0.052 0.063 ± 0.013 0.078 ± 0.022 example 2Comparative 3 0.337 ± 0.064 0.064 ± 0.015 0.074 ± 0.014 example 3Comparative 3 0.328 ± 0.071 0.057 ± 0.012 0.074 ± 0.010 example 4Comparative 3 0.334 ± 0.064 0.053 ± 0.019 0.065 ± 0.011 example 5Comparative 3 0.327 ± 0.048 0.054 ± 0.012 0.072 ± 0.010 example 6Comparative 3 0.356 ± 0.057 0.063 ± 0.014 0.077 ± 0.008 example 7Comparative 3 0.329 ± 0.076 0.057 ± 0.008 0.067 ± 0.013 example 8 PS:Compared with the model group *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01

3.2 Effects on the Time of Duration in the MORRIS Water Maze

Compared with the model group, for the sham model group, the time ofduration in the water maze was significantly decreased (P<0.05); 30 daysafter the administration, compared with the model group, for the groupsof the Chinese medicinal compositions of the present invention, the timeof duration in the water maze was significantly decreased (P<0.05),there were no significant changes for the other groups; 90 days afterthe administration, for the groups of the Chinese medicinal compositionsof the present invention, the time of duration in the water maze wassignificantly decreased (P<0.05˜0.01), compared with the model group,for the groups of the comparative examples 1˜3 and 7, the time ofduration in the water maze was significantly decreased (P<0.05), therewere no significant changes for the other groups. See table 20.

TABLE 20 Effects on the time of duration of MID rats in the MORRIS watermaze (x ± s) Doses Times of duration (s) Groups (g/kg) 30 days 90 daysSham group  14.0 ± 7.27**  12.5 ± 13.8** Model group 65.1 ± 50.5 79.1 ±66.6  Tanakan 0.02 44.9 ± 42.4 45.7 ± 50.4  group Example 1 3  39.3 ±33.1* 28.3 ± 21.3* Example 2 3  35.4 ± 16.9* 26.9 ± 14.9* Example 5 3 25.7 ± 21.1*  19.0 ± 10.7** Example 6 3  36.5 ± 26.2* 24.8 ± 11.6*Example 9 3  21.6 ± 12.5*  17.7 ± 12.6** Example 11 3  34.6 ± 23.7* 27.0± 16.7* Comparative 3 43.1 ± 33.7 34.5 ± 18.2* example 1 Comparative 341.2 ± 32.1 23.3 ± 23.1* example 2 Comparative 3 48.8 ± 13.7 30.3 ±25.4* example 3 Comparative 3 42.6 ± 32.1 42.5 ± 18.7  example 4Comparative 3 53.4 ± 36.3 46.1 ± 27.9  example 5 Comparative 3 49.3 ±24.8 54.2 ± 35.2  example 6 Comparative 3 40.6 ± 25.2 25.6 ± 14.5*example 7 Comparative 3 52.9 ± 17.6 39.7 ± 34.8  example 8 PS: Comparedwith the model group *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01

3.3 Effects the Content of Plasma ET, NPY, SS, CGRP

100 days after the models were created, compared with the model group,for the sham group, the content of the plasma NPY of the animals wassignificantly increased, the content of ET was significantly decreased(P<0.01 for all), the contents of SS and CGRP were increased but therewere no statistical significance (P<0.01); 100 days after the modelswere created (90 days after the administration), compared with the modelgroup, for the groups of the Chinese medicinal compositions of thepresent invention, the contents of NPY and SS were significantlyincreased (P<0.01), the contents of ET were significantly decreased(P<0.05), there were no significant changes for the contents of CGRP;for the groups of the Chinese medicinal compositions of the comparativeexamples 1˜3 and 7, the contents of NPY and SS were significantlyincreased (P<0.05˜0.01), the contents of ET had the tendencies ofdecreasing, there were no significant changes for the content of CGRP;for the groups of the Chinese medicinal compositions of the comparativeexamples 4˜6 and 8, the contents of NPY and SS had tendencies toincrease, the contents of ET had tendencies to decrease, there were nosignificant changes for the content of CGRP; for the comparativemedicine tanakan group, the contents of NPY and SS were significantlyincreased (P<0.01), the content of ET was significantly decreased(P<0.01), there were no significant changes for the content of CGRP. Seetable 21.

TABLE 21 Effects the contents of Plasma ET, NPY, SS, and CGRP (x ± s, n= 10) Doses NPY SS ET CGRP Groups (g/kg) (pg/mL) (pg/mL) (pg/mL) (pg/mL)Sham group 516.15 ± 42.61** 90.22 ± 13.07   56.04 ± 4.84** 26.27 ± 3.44Model group 339.14 ± 62.62  72.25 ± 30.11  71.05 ± 15.20  22.41 ± 10.77Tanakan 0.02 479.42 ± 144.03* 107.38 ± 33.37*   47.36 ± 12.78** 21.06 ±5.16 group Example 1 3 492.61 ± 32.81** 102.64 ± 12.56**  58.15 ± 11.03*23.88 ± 4.66 Example 2 3 501.36 ± 48.73** 104.73 ± 16.43** 54.23 ± 8.36* 24.32 ± 10.42 Example 5 3 497.47 ± 70.23** 113.65 ± 14.81** 54.20 ±6.76* 22.53 ± 6.79 Example 6 3 505.26 ± 34.79** 108.40 ± 18.67** 56.34 ±4.53* 23.55 ± 7.16 Example 9 3 509.57 ± 63.12** 119.12 ± 24.42** 53.14 ±9.23* 21.62 ± 5.91 Example 11 3 485.99 ± 29.73** 103.75 ± 10.35**  57.37± 11.26* 25.17 ± 8.71 Comparative 3 461.21 ± 15.42*  104.73 ± 40.14* 64.94 ± 10.14 24.26 ± 6.42 example 1 Comparative 3 473.26 ± 23.79**101.87 ± 17.42** 61.06 ± 15.36 23.79 ± 3.71 example 2 Comparative 3424.93 ± 11.86*  98.52 ± 11.67* 67.21 ± 10.72 24.03 ± 5.12 example 3Comparative 3 390.15 ± 17.23  88.89 ± 3.65  64.41 ± 7.21   23.85 ± 10.17example 4 Comparative 3 378.41 ± 81.27  82.34 ± 5.26  69.42 ± 3.41 21.35 ± 7.42 example 5 Comparative 3 372.15 ± 31.65  77.36 ± 9.81  65.07± 8.35  24.36 ± 9.82 example 6 Comparative 3 484.36 ± 24.3**  107.64 ±16.31** 60.81 ± 17.26 23.62 ± 6.15 example 7 Comparative 3 357.16 ±19.63  78.64 ± 13.83  70.24 ± 7.48  21.42 ± 5.67 example 8 PS: Comparedwith model group *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01

3.4 Effects on the Monoamine Neurotransmitter of Brains (1) Effects onthe Cortex Monoamine Neurotransmitter

100 days after the models were created, compared with the model group,for the sham group, the contents of 5-HT, 5-HIAA of the cortex of ratswere significantly increased (P<0.05), the contents of NE and DA wereincreased, but there were no statistical significance; for the groups ofthe Chinese medicinal compositions of the present invention, thecontents of 5-HT were significantly increased (P<0.01), the contents ofDA and 5-HIAA were all significantly increased (P<0.05); for the groupsof the Chinese medicinal compositions of the comparative examples 1˜3and 7, the contents of DA and 5-HT were significantly increased(P<0.05); for the groups of the Chinese medicinal compositions of thecomparative examples 4˜6 and 8, the contents of 5-HT were significantlyincreased, but there were no statistical differences; for thecomparative medicine tanakan group, the contents of 5-HT and 5-HIAA weresignificantly increased (P<0.01), there were no significant changes forthe other indicators. See table 22.

TABLE 22 Effects on the level of cortex monoamine neurotransmitter ofMID rats (x ± s, n = 10) NE DA 5-HIAA 5-HT Doses (ng/g brain (ng/g brain(ng/g brain (ng/g brain Groups (g/kg) weight) weight) weight) weight)Sham group 607.8 ± 217.1 1939.0 ± 495.0   221.2 ± 117.8* 256.7 ± 145.2*Model group 530.8 ± 89.7  1526.2 ± 358.5  124.3 ± 39.5 113.2 ± 40.0 Tanakan 0.02 586.0 ± 198.4 1888.3 ± 812.7    252.2 ± 120.1** 294.2 ±85.4** group Example 1 3 548.5 ± 152.1 2033.6 ± 420.6*  267.5 ± 176.4* 317.7 ± 176.6** Example 2 3 543.2 ± 128.3 2204.5 ± 316.4*  224.1 ±128.7*  301.3 ± 110.2** Example 5 3 567.9 ± 170.5 2113.6 ± 461.5*  214.2± 96.2* 322.6 ± 76.7** Example 6 3 582.6 ± 104.6 2159.4 ± 618.2*  256.4± 184.3* 282.5 ± 97.1** Example 9 3 579.3 ± 93.8  2289.7 ± 524.6*  213.7± 59.4*  332.0 ± 110.2** Example 11 3 585.1 ± 119.2 2237.1 ± 210.3* 227.6 ± 111.8* 325.1 ± 68.5** Comparative 3 561.5 ± 164.9 2004.8 ±340.1*  164.4 ± 120.6 224.6 ± 126.2* example 1 Comparative 3 572.0 ±142.1 2218.6 ± 786.4* 141.2 ± 58.8 252.1 ± 121.8* example 2 Comparative3 542.3 ± 131.5 2098.2 ± 351.8* 178.9 ± 90.2 216.3 ± 75.3*  example 3Comparative 3 532.3 ± 184.6 1910.3 ± 796.6  173.7 ± 50.9 163.5 ± 110.6 example 4 Comparative 3 537.1 ± 81.7  1982.1 ± 245.2  136.5 ± 73.4 201.2± 107.42 example 5 Comparative 3 572.4 ± 139.7 1877.3 ± 419.7  165.6 ±68.1 184.5 ± 49.9  example 6 Comparative 3 584.4 ± 123.6 2107.4 ± 516.1*186.8 ± 79.3 273.9 ± 164.5* example 7 Comparative 3 557.1 ± 159.0 1878.7± 673.8  150.2 ± 47.2 171.2 ± 55.7  example 8 PS: Compared with themodel group *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01

(2) Effects on the Monoamine Neurotransmitters of the Striatum

100 days after the models were created, compared with the model group,for the sham group, the contents of 5-HT and 5-HIAA of the striatum ofrats were significantly increased (P<0.05), indicating that the modelswere successfully created; 100 days after the creation of the models (90days after the administration), compared with the model group, for thegroups of the examples 5 and 9 of the present invention, the contents of5-HT were significantly increased (P<0.05), for the groups of theexamples 1, 2, 6, and 11 of the present invention, the contents of5-HIAA were significantly increased (P<0.05); for the groups of theChinese medicinal compositions of the comparative examples and thecomparative medicine tanakan group, there were no significant changesfor the contents of 5-HT and 5-HIAA. See table 23.

TABLE 23 Effects on the level of monoamine neurotransmitters of thestriatum of MID rats (x ± s, n = 10) 5-HT 5-HIAA Doses (ng/g brain (ng/gbrain Groups (g/kg) weight) weight) Sham group  214.7 ± 52.5*  107.4 ±43.0* Model group 156.6 ± 29.5 162.8 ± 46.7 Tanakan 0.02 169.6 ± 91.1146.7 ± 60.7 group Example 1 3 167.0 ± 55.9  109.8 ± 42.7* Example 2 3 181.8 ± 110.1  97.6 ± 49.2* Example 5 3  219.6 ± 66.6* 137.5 ± 50.1Example 6 3 185.4 ± 37.0  116.4 ± 37.3* Example 9 3  232.0 ± 87.4*  93.7± 59.4* Example 11 3 165.1 ± 68.5  107.6 ± 57.6* Comparative 3 174.6 ±76.3 134.2 ± 60.1 example 1 Comparative 3  192.1 ± 115.7 145.7 ± 58.8example 2 Comparative 3 186.3 ± 45.2 138.3 ± 72.5 example 3 Comparative3  163.5 ± 110.6 153.7 ± 50.2 example 4 Comparative 3 161.2 ± 97.2 138.2± 61.4 example 5 Comparative 3  182.9 ± 128.7 145.6 ± 28.9 example 6Comparative 3  184.5 ± 104.1 126.8 ± 79.3 example 7 Comparative 3 168.2± 74.3 157.2 ± 67.8 example 8 PS: Compared with model group, *P < 0.05;**P < 0.01

(3) Effects on the Monoamine Neurotransmitters of the Hippocampus

100 days after the models were created (90 days after theadministration), compared with the model group, for the sham group, thecontents of DA, 5-HT and 5-HIAA of the hippocampus of rats weresignificantly increased (P<0.05˜0.01), the content of NE was increased,but there was no statistical significance; for the groups of the Chinesemedicinal compositions of the present invention, the contents of NE, DAand 5-HT were significantly increased (P<0.05-0.01); for the groups ofthe Chinese medicinal compositions of the comparative examples, thecontents of 5-HT were significantly increased (P<0.05); for thecomparative medicine tanakan group, there were no significant changesfor every indicators. See table 24.

TABLE 24 Effects on the monoamine neurotransmitters of the hippocampusof MID rats (x ± s, n = 10) NE DA 5-HIAA 5-HT Doses (ng/g brain (ng/gbrain (ng/g brain (ng/g brain Groups (g/kg) weight) weight) weight)weight) Sham group 1159.1 ± 474.9  259.7 ± 102.1*  340.9 ± 43.9**  408.9± 158.9* Model group  976.5 ± 625.9 168.3 ± 56.3  255.9 ± 42.8  258.1 ±70.2  Tanakan 0.02 1281.5 ± 624.1 224.8 ± 122.6 266.9 ± 109.2 272.4 ±140.4 group Example 1 3  1947.4 ± 820.2*  343.7 ± 162.9* 264.3 ± 100.0 491.1 ± 162.4** Example 2 3  1863.8 ± 688.7**  444.5 ± 327.6* 323.8 ±117.9  571.0 ± 171.0** Example 5 3  1874.9 ± 574.3**  363.6 ± 161.5*284.2 ± 76.1   472.3 ± 123.7** Example 6 3  1682.6 ± 304.8*  359.2 ±187.2* 306.4 ± 154.3  521.5 ± 67.4** Example 9 3  1949.1 ± 603.7** 489.4 ± 304.1* 273.7 ± 79.1   562.0 ± 91.2** Example 11 3  1751.7 ±419.6*  387.1 ± 270.2* 257.6 ± 121.5  485.1 ± 127.3** Comparative 31437.5 ± 364.2 251.6 ± 220.1 264.8 ± 107.6  424.6 ± 125.7* example 1Comparative 3 1572.0 ± 422.4 228.6 ± 165.4 261.2 ± 98.4  452.7 ± 82.2*example 2 Comparative 3 1420.7 ± 237.8 238.2 ± 151.3 281.2 ± 130.7 416.3± 49.1* example 3 Comparative 3 1253.6 ± 584.1 210.3 ± 116.7 279.3 ±121.5  443.5 ± 116.3* example 4 Comparative 3 1137.1 ± 601.2 198.1 ±143.2 256.5 ± 113.9 387.2 ± 73.2* example 5 Comparative 3 1221.4 ± 139.7187.6 ± 219.3 265.4 ± 127.3 384.5 ± 57.1* example 6 Comparative 3 1474.9± 427.5 237.4 ± 152.4 283.1 ± 109.8 437.9 ± 84.3* example 7 Comparative3 1057.1 ± 357.1 198.7 ± 133.8 267.2 ± 87.6  371.2 ± 65.8* example 8 PS:Compared with the model group, *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01

Summary

Studies suggest that whether cerebral infarct can cause dementia ismainly related to the size, number and location of the infarct lesions.Investigations have showed that if the volume of the infarct lesion islarger than 50 mL, it can be combined with dementia, if the volume isgreater than 100 mL, it is often combined with dementia; investigationshave also found that among VaD patients, the ones with large volume ofinfarct lesions accounted for 11.2%, the ones with small volume ofinfarct lesions accounted for 88.8%, the one with multiple infarctlesions accounted for 97.6%, suggesting that small volume of lesion canalso cause dementia, especially the more the number of infarct lesions,the higher the incidence of dementia. There are also studies suggestthat the site of the cerebral infarction is the key factor leading todementia; the majority of reports mentioned that the ones withperiventricular white matter lesions changes in CT, the incidence ofdementia significantly increased. Researches based on multi-infarctdementia (MID) model have guidance on the determination of theeffectiveness of drug treatment of VaD. Brain mechanisms of learning andmemory mainly includes neurophysiological mechanisms and neurochemicalmechanisms, neurophysiological mechanisms focuses on the location of thememory in the brain and the accompanying bioelectrical activityroutines, neurochemical mechanism mainly explains the effects ofneurotransmitters, neuropeptides and biological large molecular onlearning and memory and their relations. Neuropeptide generally refersto an endogenous active substance presents in the nervous tissue andparticipates in the function of the nervous system, it is a kind ofspecial information material. It is characterized in low content, highactivity, broad and complex effect, regulating a wide variety ofphysiological functions of the body, such as pain, sleep, mood, learningand memory as well as the differentiation and development of the nervoussystem itself, they are all adjusted by the neuropeptide. Somatostatin(SS) is a neuroactive peptide that widely distributed in the nervoussystem, the highest content of SS locates in the hypothalamus and braincortex and hippocampus, such distribution is related to its regulationof cognitive function. SS in brains have a positive regulatory role forlearning and memory, the pathways for the SS to regulate learning andmemory are: one, direct pathway, through the excitement of SS nerves, anincrease in calcium influx is caused, and second, possibly through othernerve tracts. SS neurons and cholinergic neurons are very close, andhave synapse connections, which provides evidence for their functioncontact: SS may promote the release of acetylcholine which affectslearning and memory function. Endothelin (endothelin-1, ET) is a recentin-depth study of a vasoactive peptide, it is a neurotransmitter, andhas a strong vasoconstrictor properties, widely distributed in variousorgans of the body, in addition to causing vasoconstriction, ET is stillcapable of causing direct damage to neurons and glial cells, in patientswith hemorrhagic, ischemic cerebrovascular disease, the concentrationsof plasma ET were significantly increased, the ET levels and the sizesof the cerebral infarct lesions have a significant positive correlation.ET acts on the nerve cells, make the nerve cells calcium overload, andgenerate free radicals, further aggravate brain damage. Neuropeptide Y(NPY) is an active polypeptide consisting of 36 amino acids, in thecentral nervous system, it is mainly located in the cerebral cortex,hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus and brain stem, the highestconcentration of NPY is in the hippocampus, and the hippocampus is thekey parts that regulate learning and memory. NPY is originallysynthesized inside the nerve cells, then is transported to nerve endingsand is stored in vesicles, and is coexist with the classicneurotransmitters such as norepinephrine, epinephrine, γ-aminobutyricacid and somatostatin. NPY does not only closely relate to long-termmemory, but it also has an impact on short-term memory. NPY plays itsbiologic role primarily through its receptors, current studies suggestedthat, mRNA expression of Y2 receptor in hippocampus is most abundant,the adjustment of the receptors on learning and memory may be along-transfer potentiation (LTP) mechanism. Because of the abovecorrelation between neuropeptides and learning and memory and theircorrelation with cholinergic and adrenergic neurotransmitter, weexamined the plasma neuropeptide and the levels of monoamineneurotransmitters of cortex, striatum, hippocampus and effects of drugsof MID model rats.

In the experiment, the microspheres were injected into the carotidartery, rat multi-infarct dementia (MID) model was created. The resultsshowed that 24 hours later, neurobehavioral disorder appeared for modelanimals, multiple infarct was formed, after 10 days, liquefactionnecrosis of the brain tissues of the infarct lesions happened, after 100days, the cortex became thinner, the hippocampus atrophied, the weightof the cortex, striatum, hippocampus were significantly reduced,learning and memory impairment appeared, the contents of 5-HT, 5-HIAA ofcortex and hippocampus were significantly decreased, the content of DAhad a tendency to decrease but there were no significant differences(P<0.01), the content of NPY in the plasma was significantly decreased,the content of ET was significantly increased, the contents of SS andCGRP had tendencies to decrease.

30˜90 days after the rats were given gavages of the Chinese medicinalcompositions of the present invention (40˜100 days after the models werecreated), compared with the model group, the time of duration of therats of the group of the Chinese medicinal compositions of the presentinvention in MORRIS water maze was significantly decreased, the abilityof learning and memory were significantly increased; 90 days after theadministration, the weight of hippocampus was significantly increased(P<0.05), the contents of cortical 5-HT, 5-HIAA and DA, the contents ofstriatal 5-HT, 5-HIAA and the contents of hippocampal NE, DA, 5-HT weresignificantly increased (P<0.05˜0.01), the contents of plasma NPY and SSwere significantly increased, the contents of ET was significantlydecreased. It is indicated that the content of the neurotransmitter thatis related to learning and memory in the brain of MID rats can beincreased by the Chinese medicinal compositions of the presentinvention, thus the Chinese medicinal compositions of the presentinvention have a therapeutic effect on vascular dementia. In addition,from the data of the comparative experiments, it can be seen that theeffects of the Chinese medicinal compositions of the present inventionare better than that of the Chinese medicinal compositions of thecomparative examples, and the data have statistical significance.

1. A Chinese medicinal composition for preventing or treatingcardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease and/or dementia, the rawmaterial that make the Chinese medicinal composition is the medicinewith the following weight ratio of ingredients: 1 part of ginseng,0.8-1.5 parts of ginkgo leaf, 0.018-0.030 part of stigma croci.
 2. TheChinese medicinal composition according to claim 1, characterized inthat the raw material that make the Chinese medicinal composition is themedicine with the following weight ratio of ingredients: 1 part ofginseng, 1 part of ginkgo leaf, 0.018-0.030 part of stigma croci.
 3. TheChinese medicinal composition according to claim 1, characterized inthat the raw material that make the Chinese medicinal composition is themedicine with the following weight ratio of ingredients: 1 part ofginseng, 0.9-1.2 parts of ginkgo leaf, 0.020-0.025 part of stigma croci.4. The Chinese medicinal composition according to claim 3, characterizedin that the raw material that make the Chinese medicinal composition isthe medicine with the following weight ratio of ingredients: 1 part ofginseng, 1 part of ginkgo leaf, 0.020-0.025 part of stigma croci.
 5. TheChinese medicinal composition according to claim 4, characterized inthat the raw material that make the Chinese medicinal composition is themedicine with the following weight ratio of ingredients: 1 part ofginseng, 1 part of ginkgo leaf, 0.022 part of stigma croci.
 6. A methodof preparing the Chinese medicinal composition of claim 1, comprising astep of weighing ginseng, ginkgo leaf and stigma croci, a step ofpreparing ginseng extract, a step of preparing ginkgo leaf extract, astep of preparing stigma croci extract, a step of mixing the aboveginseng extract, the ginkgo leaf extract and the stigma croci extract.7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that in the step ofthe preparing ginseng extract, a main component obtained is totalginsenosides; in the step of preparing Ginkgo leaf extract, a maincomponent obtained is Ginkgo leaf total flavonoids and total lactones;in the step of preparing stigma croci extract, a main component obtainedis stigma croci total glycosides.
 8. The method according to claim 7,characterized in that the steps for preparing the ginseng extract are:the ginseng is grinded into powders, then subjected to reflux extractionwith ethanol for 2 times, filtered, the filtrate obtained isdecompressed to recover the solvent until the relative density is1.12-1.14 at 70° C., water with the amount that equals to 2-6 times ofthat of crude drug is added for stirring homogeneously, then it iscooled for precipitation, the supernatant is loaded onto a macroporousadsorptive resin, the resin that carries drug is washed with distilledwater first, then is eluted with ethanol, the ethanol eluent iscollected and concentrated until dry to obtain the ginseng extract; thesteps for preparing the Ginkgo leaf extract are: warm ethanol is addedto Ginkgo leaf coarse powder for immersion, filtered, and the filterresidue is immersed with warm ethanol, filtered again, the filtratesobtained are combined, and concentrated under reduced pressure until therelative density is 1.12-1.14 at 70° C., water with the amount thatequals to 2-6 times of that of crude drug is added, stirredhomogeneously, then cooled for precipitation, filtered, the filtrate isloaded onto a macroporous adsorptive resin, the resin that carries drugis washed with distilled water first, then is eluted with ethanol, theethanol eluent is collected and concentrated until the relative densityis 1.02-1.04 at 70° C., it is extracted by ethyl acetate:n-butylalcohol, the extracts are combined and are decompressed to recoversolvent to obtain Ginkgo leaf extract; and the steps for preparing thestigma croci extract are: cold ethanol is added into stigma croci crudedrug for immersion, then filtered, cold ethanol is added to the residuesfor immersion again, then filtered, the filtrates obtained are combined,concentrated under reduced pressure until the relative density is1.12-1.14 at 70° C., water is added, then it is loaded onto amacroporous adsorptive resin, the resin that carries drug is washed withdistilled water first, then is eluted with ethanol, the ethanol eluentis concentrated until the relative density is 1.02-1.04 at 70° C., it isconcentrated until dry to obtain stigma croci extract.
 9. A Chinesemedicinal formulation for preventing or treating cardiovascular andcerebrovascular diseases and/or dementia which is composed of theChinese medicinal composition according to claim 1, and at least onepharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
 10. A method for preventing ortreating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and/or dementia ina subject, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof theChinese medicinal composition according to claim
 1. 11. The methodaccording to claim 10, wherein the cardiovascular and cerebrovasculardisease is selected from the group consisting of ischemiccerebrovascular disease, coronary heart disease, angina, andcombinations thereof.
 12. The method according to claim 10, wherein thedementia is senile dementia.
 13. The method according to claim 12,wherein the senile dementia is vascular dementia.